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Which are used to treat chronic gastritis (as well as many other diseases), occupy a significant place medicinal herbs and plants. This method of therapy (herbal medicine) is based on many years of folk experience and has repeatedly proven its effectiveness. Plants are natural material, therefore, in some cases they provide great benefit than synthetic drugs. They have virtually no side effects. The course of using medicinal infusions and decoctions can be extended for 1–2 months or more, depending on the form of the disease, etc. However, the result can be significantly higher than after traditional therapy using synthetic drugs. It will be possible to consolidate the achieved results using the same means, periodically using a course of herbal medicine for preventive purposes.

There are many herbs and plants that have healing properties because they contain substances and vitamins that are beneficial to our body. In the treatment of chronic gastritis, not only those plants that help with this disease are used, but also those that have a calming effect on nervous system. After all, gastritis is often caused by stress, nervous tension and fatigue.

Calamus marsh

Popular names for this plant: incense cane, flatbread, yaver, tara grass, etc. Calamus has small greenish flowers. yellow collected into a cob. This plant is often confused with the marsh iris, but the latter has large yellow flowers. Calamus has a pungent aroma and bitter taste.

Collecting calamus roots early spring or late autumn. The bark is removed from the rhizome, cut into longitudinal branches and dried. Dried roots are subsequently used to prepare decoctions and infusions.
The plant helps with impaired digestion, colic, achylia (lack of secretion of gastric juice), diarrhea, and heartburn. A hot infusion of calamus root helps increase appetite. It can also be used as a mouth rinse: the infusion disinfects the oral cavity and eliminates bad smell. To treat gastritis, calamus root is used in infusions in combination with other medicinal plants. Contraindications: increased gastric secretion.

Althaea officinalis

The dried roots of a two-year-old plant are used, from which the bark is removed before drying. The roots of marshmallow contain a mucous substance that has a softening and analgesic effect in case of inflammation of the mucous membranes, including the stomach. Helps with diarrhea, dysentery and gastritis. Cold compresses made from marshmallow infusion can be used to relieve inflammation of the eyes and skin.

Aloe

This medicinal plant is used in folk medicine since ancient times. Its healing properties were known in Ancient Egypt and Greece, where aloe juice, infusions and ointments made on its basis were used to treat many diseases. It was used as an external remedy and various preparations were prepared for oral administration. In herbal medicine, aloe vera leaves and its juice are used. homemade. Aloe juice has tonic and disinfectant properties and promotes wound healing. Useful for constipation, diseases of the stomach and intestines. This juice can even be taken in its pure form, 1 teaspoon 20 minutes before meals. Duration of treatment: 2–4 weeks depending on the form of the disease. Aloe leaves are best used fresh. To treat chronic gastritis, the leaves or juice are combined with other medicinal herbs.

Contraindications: hemorrhoids, cystitis, uterine bleeding, liver and gall bladder diseases, pregnancy.

Valerian officinalis

This herb is popularly called cat's grass or incense. This herb has a calming effect on the nerves and also has antispasmodic and anticonvulsant properties. The root of the plant is used, from which infusions, decoctions, and medications are made. The plant is sometimes confused with poisonous hemlock. These plants are very similar appearance. However, valerian has a corymb inflorescence and flowers of a pinkish hue, while hemlock blooms with white flowers and its inflorescence is in the form of an umbrella. In addition, hemlock, if kneaded between your fingers, emits a pungent and unpleasant odor.

Valerian is part of sedative, carminative and stomach teas. In addition, valerian is excellent for treating thyroid disease. When treating with a decoction of valerian, you should be very careful: too large doses have a stimulating effect on the central nervous system (especially the vasomotor and respiratory centers). Long-term use of valerian is also not recommended, since it causes disruption gastrointestinal tract. In the treatment of chronic gastritis, both pharmacy tinctures of valerian and homemade ones are used. This remedy is often added to mixtures of other medicinal herbs to enhance the effect of beneficial substances.

Three-leaf watch

This plant is popularly called water trefoil or female toadwort. There are other, more exotic names for this plant - diarrhea grass, consumptive, scrofulous, which indicate medicinal properties three-leaf watch. In fact, infusions and decoctions of this herb can cure diseases such as dropsy, rheumatism, gout, and diathesis. It copes well with skin ulcers, colds and stimulates hematopoiesis. The watch contains bitter substances that enhance gastrointestinal secretion, thereby increasing appetite and normalizing the process of digestion of food. Infusions are prepared from the leaves, which act as an antiseptic and promote wound healing. Soothing, appetizing and choleretic teas also contain this herb.

Curly thistle

For medicinal purposes, the leaves and the upper part of the plant are used: the stem with flower baskets. Herbal infusions and decoctions help with constipation, flatulence, gas accumulation, stomach and intestinal ulcers, as well as liver diseases. In addition, thistle is also used in herbal medicine for anemia, inflammation respiratory tract. This plant is included in many collections. Caution should be exercised as thistle in large quantities can cause nausea and vomiting. People with kidney problems should not take this herb.

Contraindications: kidney disease.

St. John's wort

– steamed low-fat fish dishes;

– jelly and jellies made from sweet fruits or berries, as well as fruit salads with added sugar and honey.

Diet No. 1b

This diet is recommended for chronic gastritis at subsequent stages of treatment, when the patient is still on bed rest. The duration of this diet therapy is 10–14 days. It pursues the same goals as diet No. 1a.

Food must be boiled, steamed, or stewed. It is more rational to eat food in semi-liquid or puree form. Dairy products are very useful and must be included in this diet. Meanwhile, fried and spicy foods are excluded. The calorie content of food should correspond to 2300–2400 kcal. The average amount of free liquid is 2 liters. Hot dishes should be cooled to a temperature of 55–60°C, the temperature of cold ones should not be lower than 15–20°C.

Since flour products are not recommended to be consumed during gastritis, dried crackers (but not fried) can be used instead of bread. You are allowed to consume 75–100 g of crackers per day. Meat and fish dishes included in the diet should be prepared in the form of puree, steam soufflé and cutlets. Otherwise, you should follow the recommendations set out in diet No. 1a.

Basic Diet No. 1

This diet is prescribed for chronic gastritis with secretory deficiency in the acute stage, as well as for chronic gastritis with increased and normal secretion. The duration of this diet therapy is 3–5 months, until the exacerbation is completely relieved and cured. The diet pursues the same goals as diet No. 1a, but compared to diet No. 1b it is less gentle.

Dishes and foods that increase gastric secretion are excluded from the diet. The use of chemical irritants to the gastric mucosa is also not recommended. You should take liquid, mushy food, although in this case not allowed in the diet large number products with a denser consistency. Products should be boiled, stewed, grated. You should not include foods containing large amounts of fiber in your diet. The calorie content of food should be about 2800–2900 kcal, and the average amount of free liquid should be 1.5 liters. The temperature of hot food can be normal; as for cold food, you can eat dishes with a temperature of at least 5–6°C.

The following products should not be consumed:

– any fresh bread (especially rye), as well as products made from butter and puff pastry;

– meat and fish broths, mushroom and strong vegetable broths, cabbage soup, borscht and okroshka;

– fatty or stringy meats;

– game meat, duck, goose;

– smoked meats, pickles and canned meat;

– dairy products with high acidity;

– millet, pearl barley and barley cereals, legumes, pasta;

– white cabbage, sorrel, turnip, radish, onion, rutabaga;

– salted, pickled and pickled vegetables.

This diet may include the following foods and dishes:

– weak tea with added milk or cream, sweet fruit and berry juices;

– milk, cream, non-acidic yogurt and kefir, curd soufflé, pudding and lazy dumplings;

– butter and refined sunflower oil, which are added to various dishes;

– soft-boiled eggs, steam omelet and fried eggs;

– semi-viscous and mashed porridges, cooked from semolina, buckwheat or rice, in water and milk;

– soups made from mashed and well-cooked cereals, cooked with vegetable broth, pureed vegetable soups, as well as milk soups seasoned with egg-milk mixture, butter or cream;

– steamed and boiled dishes from lean beef, young lean lamb, trimmed pork, turkey and chicken; as well as boiled tongue, boiled sausage without fat;

– fish cutlets steamed, lean fish without skin, fried without breading or boiled, aspic in vegetable broth;

- potatoes, beets, cauliflower, carrots, boiled or steamed. Souffles, purees and steam puddings made from them, as well as salads from boiled vegetables;

– fruit purees, jelly, jellies, pureed compotes with added sugar and honey;

- dried bread from wheat flour top quality.

Diet therapy for adolescent patients should include increased protein content. The calorie content of the diet can rise to 3160 kcal.

The diet should take into account the stage of the disease, as well as the severity clinical manifestations gastritis. For chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, frequent meals in small portions (5-6 times a day), mechanically sparing food that increases gastric secretion, are recommended.

Diet No. 2

Prescribed for chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, as well as for chronic colitis in the stage of mild exacerbation. This diet is considered physically complete, but with limited consumption of foods containing coarse fiber. Whole milk, spicy foods, snacks and spices are also excluded from the diet. Fried foods are allowed, but should not be fried using the breading method, so as not to form a rough crust. Any products should be consumed in crushed form. The calorie content of this diet should be approximately 2800 kcal. The average amount of liquid is 1.5 liters. The temperature of both hot and cold food may be normal.

– fresh bread and flour products from butter and puff pastry;

– dishes made from duck and goose meat;
– smoked meats, pickles, meat and canned fish;

– rough varieties of fruits and berries in raw form.

The diet may include the following foods and dishes:

– tea, coffee, cocoa with milk or cream;

– kefir, yogurt, fresh cottage cheese, curd soufflé, etc.;

- soups cooked in weak meat or fish broth, vegetable broth. Vegetables should be finely chopped and well boiled, cereals should be pureed;

– dishes from lean meats and poultry; boiled, baked, fried without a rough crust, as well as cutlets;

– boiled or baked low-fat fish;

– snacks and salads from fresh tomatoes, boiled vegetables; can be combined with meat (low-fat varieties), fish and eggs;

– mashed ripe fruits and berries, baked apples;

– yesterday’s baked wheat bread.

Diet No. 3

Prescribed for chronic diseases accompanied by persistent constipation. Helps enhance intestinal motor function. In this diet, proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as vitamins and minerals are in normal physiological proportions. The diet may include foods rich in plant fiber. This excludes dishes that have an irritating effect on the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. The calorie content of this diet should be approximately 2500–2900 kcal.

The diet should not include the following foods and dishes:

- foods rich in essential oils and cholesterol;

– hot and fatty sauces, horseradish, pepper and mustard.

Vegetables and fruits can be consumed raw, boiled and baked. It is not necessary to chop the food; it is preferable to steam or boil it.

– tea and coffee drinks from substitutes;

– crumbly porridges or casseroles from millet, wheat, buckwheat, barley groats;
– soups cooked in weak low-fat meat, fish broth or vegetable broth; preferably vegetable, as well as with pearl barley;

– dishes from lean meats, poultry and fish, boiled or baked (meat can be baked as a whole piece);

– beets, carrots, tomatoes, green salad, cucumbers, zucchini and pumpkin; raw and boiled, as a side dish, casserole, salad, vinaigrette; should be refueled vegetable oil;

– fresh ripe fruits and sweet berries, in pure form or in dishes; prunes, dried apricots and similar products should first be soaked in water;

– sauces based on weak meat and fish broth, as well as milk sauce;

– rye bread and from wholemeal wheat flour, bran or grain, yesterday's baking.

Diet No. 4

Prescribed for chronic intestinal disease during periods of profuse diarrhea and severe dyspeptic disorders. The duration of this diet therapy is 5–8 days.

The effect of the diet is aimed at reducing fermentation and putrefactive processes in the intestines, as well as at maximizing the reduction of chemical and mechanical irritation. The average amount of liquid is 1.5 liters.

Calorie content should be approximately 2000 kcal.

The consumption of fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum, while the protein content can remain normal.

With this diet, the following foods and dishes are excluded from the diet:

– products containing coarse fiber;

– fresh bread, as well as rich bakery products;

– spices;

– pickles;

– coffee, cocoa;

– cold and carbonated drinks;

– whole milk and some other dairy products.

The diet may include the following dishes and products:

– green tea, cocoa and black coffee without milk; fruit juices diluted with water (except for grape, plum and apricot);

– freshly prepared calcined or pureed unleavened cottage cheese;
– soft-boiled eggs, steam omelet (1-2 eggs per day);

- rice, oatmeal and buckwheat porridge, mashed and boiled in water;

– soups cooked in low-fat, weak meat or fish broth; you can add slimy decoctions of pearl barley, semolina or rice, as well as boiled pureed meat, steamed dumplings, meatballs and egg flakes;

– boiled or steamed meat cutlets, quenelles and meatballs from lean and lean varieties of beef, veal, and turkey; soufflé from boiled meat;

– fish cutlets, meatballs from lean fish, as well as whole piece of boiled or steamed fish;

– vegetable dishes only in the form of decoctions, on the basis of which soups are prepared;

– crackers made from premium wheat flour (200 g per day).

Common table - diet No. 15

It is prescribed at the stage when the disease no longer requires therapeutic diets. The main goal of this diet is to provide the body with adequate nutrition. It belongs to the category of physiologically complete diets and is distinguished by a variety of products and dishes.

There are practically no restrictions on cooking methods.

Meals are taken 6 times a day. In this case, the daily calorie intake should be strictly distributed:

– 1st breakfast – 20% calorie content;

– 2nd breakfast – 10%;

– lunch – 35%;

– afternoon snack – 10%;

– 1st dinner – 20%;

– 2nd dinner – 5%.

The calorie content of this diet should be approximately 2700–2800 kcal. The average amount of table salt consumed in food should not exceed 15 g. The amount of liquid is unlimited.

Diet No. 15 is as close as possible to the diet of a healthy person. Various dishes are allowed, as well as all methods of preparing them. If necessary, the diet may include certain components necessary to enrich the food.
In some cases it is recommended fasting days with diets that include a limited amount of certain foods.

Arterial hypertension ranks third in the world among diseases of the heart and vascular system. Every year thousands of people die from hypertensive crisis, so the issue of prevention and treatment of pathology does not lose its relevance. An integral part of therapy is taking medications, which in some cases must be taken for life. Many of the effective medications have many side effects and negative consequences for the body, therefore only a doctor should prescribe any medications.

Most patients ask their treating specialist to select a drug with minimal side effects, but it should be noted right away that such drugs do not exist. Herbal infusions and other herbal recipes for lowering blood pressure are relatively safe for the patient’s health, but in terms of effectiveness they are significantly inferior to synthetic substances and are only suitable for the treatment of stage 1 hypertension, as they have a cumulative effect.

Classification of drugs for hypertension

Any specialist will say that without a universal medicine for hypertension side effects does not exist. Therapy for the disease is most often complex and includes medications from different pharmacological groups, which are selected depending on the existing complications and concomitant diagnoses.

Vasodilation agents

These drugs cannot be considered safe drugs, since most of them have severe side effects. Only a doctor should prescribe drugs from this group if indicated. Vasodilators help expand the lumen of blood vessels and capillaries and reduce the resistance of the vascular walls, as a result of which the patient’s condition improves and the tonometer readings decrease by several points. The most popular medications in this group include Minoxidil and Hydralazine, but they are used only for grade 2 and 3 hypertension and strictly when indicated.

Diuretics

Diuretics are necessary in cases where the disease is caused by the accumulation of fluid in the subcutaneous fat. If there is swelling or dropsy (edema internal organs) the load on the heart muscle and blood vessels increases, and the kidneys cannot fully perform their functions.

Tablets for hypertension with a diuretic effect have many contraindications, but sometimes you cannot do without their use. Depending on the patient’s age and existing complications, the doctor may prescribe the following medications:

• "Furosemide";
• "Bumetanide";
• "Polythiazide";
• "Metolazone";
• "Diukardin."

Important! While taking diuretics, not only excess moisture is removed from the body, but also essential vitamins and minerals, so during the treatment period it is important to eat well and take vitamin and mineral complexes selected by a specialist.

Calcium antagonists

The list of medications for hypertension with minimal side effects also includes calcium antagonist drugs. When taken, the number of contractions of the inner layer of the heart muscle decreases, which reduces the load on the blood vessels and helps lower blood pressure.

The most common medications with similar pharmacological effects include:

• "Verapamil";
• "Nifedipine";
• "Amlodipine."

Pay attention! Medicines that belong to the group of calcium antagonists have a pronounced diuretic effect, so their use with diuretics is possible only in a hospital setting under constant supervision and supervision of a specialist.

ACE inhibitors

ACE inhibitors include synthetic and natural compounds that have a positive effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular system. They block the production of a special enzyme that affects the synthesis of angiotensin. This is a hormone that causes vasoconstriction and increases blood pressure.

ACE inhibitors used in complex therapy of hypertension include:

• "Monopril";
• "Enalapril";
• "Captopril."

Despite the fact that drugs in this group cause the least harm to the human body, they cannot be taken without a doctor’s prescription, as there are contraindications. It is also possible to develop side effects, such as headache, nausea and digestive disorders.

Beta blockers

Medicines in this group (for example, Carteolol) are also included in the list of effective drugs for the treatment of hypertension, but they cannot be called safe, since they have many contraindications and negative consequences. Such drugs should not be taken for bronchial asthma, low blood pressure and other pathologies that may affect the outcome of therapy.

The best drugs for hypertension

When treating hypertension, doctors try to prescribe new-generation medications that have a good therapeutic effect and minimal side effects. Of course, there are no completely safe drugs that lower blood pressure without risk to health, but you can significantly reduce the likelihood of negative reactions if you listen to the advice of your doctor and follow his recommendations. Today, experts give preference to seven drugs, which are most often included in combination regimens for the treatment of hypertension.

"Raunatin"

This medicine is rightfully considered one of the best for the treatment of hypertension. It belongs to the group of antispasmodics, has no restrictions for use, has a positive effect on the functioning of the nervous system, as well as the contraction of the heart muscle and the transport of oxygen to the myocardium. A course of treatment helps reduce the load on the heart and blood vessels and lower blood pressure without the use of potent drugs. The most effective use of "Raunatin" is for hypertension of degrees 1 and 2. The drug may be part of a combination treatment of primary and secondary hypertension.

"Enalapril"

Enalapril is used to treat all forms of arterial hypertension, including renovascular hypertension. When treated with the drug, positive dynamics are observed in patients with chronic heart failure, since the active substance of the tablets helps to dilate blood vessels and improve blood circulation.

The dosage of the drug is selected individually, taking into account the severity of the main diagnosis. The initial dose is 10-20 mg per day. If the blood pressure is slightly elevated (no more than 140/90), a good therapeutic effect is achieved using a minimum dose of 10 mg.

Important! The maximum amount of enalapril that can be taken per day is 40 mg. Therapy with the drug in this dosage should be under the supervision of a specialist.

"Losartan"

The range of use of the drug is quite extensive. The drug is successfully used to correct blood pressure, treat chronic heart failure, reduce the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in patients at risk for cardiovascular pathologies.

Losartan has almost no contraindications except for intolerance to the main component, pregnancy or lactation. Use in childhood is possible as prescribed by the attending physician, but treatment should be carried out with caution, since there is no data on the safety of Losartan in this category of patients.

Structural analogues of Losartan are:

• "Lozap";
• "Lorista".

Important! Side effects during treatment with the drug are rare, but they are still possible. Impaired performance was diagnosed in patients treated with medications containing losartan. digestive system, dizziness, weakness, unpleasant taste in oral cavity.

"Reserpine"

This drug belongs to the group of sympatholytics - substances that affect the receptors of the sympathetic nervous system. "Reserpine" copes well with the initial stages of primary and secondary hypertension, as well as psychoses that develop against the background of high blood pressure.

The drug is taken orally after meals. The intake scheme is as follows:

• 0.1 mg 1-2 times a day at the initial stage;
• increasing the dose to 0.25-0.5 mg per day (divided into 3-4 doses).

Negative reactions while taking Reserpine may include increased dryness of the mucous membranes of the eyes and mouth, nasal congestion, weakness, nausea and heart rhythm disturbances.

"Nifedipine"

The medication belongs to the group of calcium channel blockers. Treatment with Nifedipine is contraindicated in any form of heart failure. Side effects during therapy are possible, but in most cases the medicine is well tolerated by all groups of patients.

In therapeutic and cardiological practice, the following drug dosage regimens are used (depending on the severity of the pathology):

• 10 mg 2 times a day;
• 20 mg 2 times a day;
• 20 mg 4 times a day (this option is prescribed in extreme cases with severe hypertension).

Important! The maximum daily dose of Nifedipine should not exceed 80 mg.

"Methyldopa"

One of the safest drugs for the treatment of essential and secondary hypertension. If necessary, Methyldopa can be prescribed even to pregnant and lactating women, subject to constant medical supervision. The drug has many contraindications and restrictions and can cause side effects - this is indicated in the official leaflet for the drug. But practice shows that treatment with Methyldopa is well tolerated even by pregnant women, who belong to the category of particularly vulnerable patients.

The use of Verapamil and Captopril also provides an excellent therapeutic effect, but they, like other antihypertensive drugs, cannot be taken without prescription and consultation with a doctor.

Choosing medications to treat high blood pressure is not as simple a task as it might initially seem. Any medication has its contraindications and side effects. Even harmless vitamins can harm your health if you don’t know about the peculiarities of taking them, so it is better to entrust the selection of therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular pathologies to an experienced and qualified specialist.

cardiogid.ru

Classification of drugs for the treatment of hypertension

All pills for hypertension are classified into groups, each of which has its own “own” effect on the body:

1. Beta blockers. These drugs are aimed at reducing the level of activity of beta-1 receptors in the heart, causing rapid heartbeat and increased blood pressure.
2. Calcium channel blockers. Medicines belonging to this class help block the channels through which calcium ions move through the fibers to the vascular muscles. Their excess leads to rapid contraction of the heart muscle and increased blood pressure.
3. Myotropic antispasmodics. The action of these drugs is also aimed at blocking calcium channels, but they are effective only in the initial stages of the development of hypertension.
4. Nitrates. This effective tablets for hypertension, but they are prescribed only if an attack of high blood pressure in a patient is accompanied by severe pain in the thoracic region or after a myocardial infarction. Medicines in this group contain nitroglycerin derivatives, which help reduce vascular tone, improving blood flow in them, but at the same time reducing blood circulation to the heart. Therefore, you should never take them without your doctor’s knowledge.
5. Alpha blockers. These drugs block alpha receptors, the irritation of which leads to an increase in blood pressure.


6. Sympatholytics. Drugs from this group have a blocking effect on the nerve impulses of norepinephrine, which provokes a sharp increase in blood pressure.
7. Diuretics. These drugs have a diuretic effect on the body, as a result of which they remove excess sodium anions from it, thereby reducing the volume of circulating blood in the blood vessels and lowering blood pressure.
8. Alpha brain stimulants. Aimed at stimulating the work of alpha receptors in the central nervous system, reducing the activity of sympathetic nerves. They have many contraindications and side effects.
9. ACE inhibitors and sartans. The action of these drugs is aimed at slowing down the synthesis of angiotensin-2. Indicated for both hypertension and hypotension.

Anti-hypertension pills without side effects are very rare. Therefore, you cannot take them without first consulting a doctor, as this may negatively affect your well-being.

For hypertension, doctors most often prescribe the following drugs to their patients:

1. Losartan. An effective remedy against hypertension, which is effective for 14 hours after administration. The drug contains active components that have a blocking effect on the angiotensin-II receptor. This medicine has virtually no side effects and can be used even during pregnancy. However, patients who, in addition to hypertension, also have liver disease, should take Losartan carefully and in the lowest dosage.


2. Verapamil. The best pills from hypertension, which help reduce vascular tone and improve the supply of oxygen to the heart. Contraindication: acute myocardial infarction.
3. Nifedipine. The action of this drug is aimed at reducing vascular tone and stimulating blood flow to the brain and spinal cord. It should not be taken for hypotension and heart failure.
4. Captopril. The active components included in the drug help relieve stress on the heart and normalize the functioning of the respiratory system. Can be used in young children and diabetes. But if there is a deficiency of leukocytes or platelets in the blood, this drug cannot be used.
5. Enalapril. The effect of this drug is the same as that of Captoril. However, its use in the presence of renal failure is contraindicated.
6. Methyldopa. This drug helps reduce the tone of blood vessels, thereby improving blood flow in them and reducing blood pressure. Can be used during pregnancy and lactation, but for people with renal failure It is better to avoid taking this medication, as this can lead to a sharp deterioration in your health.
7. Reserpine. Tablets for hypertension in the early stages of development. Effective only in combination with diuretics. Contraindicated for peptic ulcers, bradycardia and renal sclerosis.
8. Raunatin. This is the only drug that has no contraindications for use. It helps relieve stress on the heart muscle, normalize its contraction and lower blood pressure. Moreover, this drug has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the central nervous system.

If you have hypertension, your doctor will tell you what pills to take. After all, the choice of medications for hypertension in each case is selected individually, taking into account all the characteristics of the body. If you take medications for high blood pressure uncontrolledly, you can seriously harm your health. Remember this.

evehealth.ru

Principles of drug therapy

When starting treatment for a patient with hypertension, the doctor tries to choose the best medicine for each specific case. No two patients are the same. Everyone has their own characteristics of the course of the disease and concomitant pathology. In addition, everyone reacts differently to the dosage of the drug.

Modern therapy requires:

1. Start taking one antihypertensive drug (monotherapy). By monitoring blood pressure levels, a sufficient dose is selected.
2. Based on knowledge of the rate of absorption of the drug and the onset of its maximum effect, the time at which the tablets should be taken is determined.
3. The second drug is added only if the dosage possibilities of the single drug have been exhausted.
4. It is necessary to take into account the severity of the disease and the age of the patient.
5. At the same time, take into account risk factors for complications and carry out their prevention.
6. Use tablet forms for continuous use, injections only in case of hypertensive crises.
7. Teach patients with hypertension the rules of treatment, inform them about the features of different medications for hypertension, possible side effects.

If you want to learn more about methods of treating hypertension, then read the article on our website “ Modern methods treatment of hypertension"

Treatment of hypertension will be effective only if it influences different parts of the pathology and restores the disturbed balance of nervous regulation of vascular tone and electrolytes. For this purpose, groups of drugs differing in their mechanism of action are used.

Medicines with a vasodilating effect

Vasodilators are the “oldest” group of drugs. Previously, they were widely used intramuscularly and were administered during hypertensive crises. At that time, vascular spasm was considered the main mechanism for increasing blood pressure. Changing views on the pathogenesis of hypertension have led to the production of new drugs, however, if the patient has symptoms that clearly indicate a spasm, these drugs for hypertension remain in demand.

They are usually prescribed not alone, but in combination with diuretics and β-blockers. The most popular antispasmodics:

• Dibazol is most useful during crises, since its effect is short-term, improves brain function, relieves headaches, and is considered an immune activator.
• Papaverine, Papazole (papaverine + dibazole) - reduces the tone of the smooth muscles of blood vessels, ureter, gall bladder. Therefore, it helps in the presence of concomitant diseases.
• No-spa - relieves spasms of the intestines and bile ducts, reduces intestinal peristalsis, improves the patency of the vascular bed. Does not have a central effect on the brain.
• Hydralazine (Aprezaline) is a new generation of antispasmodics that requires careful use in patients with kidney and liver diseases.
• Loniten (Minoxil) - relaxes the muscles of the walls of blood vessels, is a powerful remedy.

Drugs in this group are not suitable for long-term use, as they have an addictive effect. They have a negative effect on the liver and kidneys.

Diuretics (diuretics) drugs

The introduction of drugs with a diuretic effect causes the removal of fluid and salts from the vascular bed. This weakens the resistance for the heart muscle, lowers blood pressure, and eliminates edema in existing heart failure.

According to the mechanism of action, all diuretics are divided into groups:

• Thiazide derivatives (Metolazone, Indapamide, Clopamide) - promote the removal of water along with sodium and chlorides. At the same time, the body loses potassium, a very necessary element for myocardial contraction. Therefore, indications are limited to heart disease and arrhythmias.
• Potassium-sparing diuretics include Amylopride and Triamterene.
• Diuretics with a rapid effect (Furosemide, Lasix, Torasemide) sharply increase the permeability of the renal glomerular loops. They are shown during crises.
• Drugs that act at the hormonal level (Veroshpiron) inhibit the production of hormones that retain water.

In the group of diuretics latest production Negative effects were taken into account, combinations with other drugs were added.

You can read more about the possibilities of diuretics in the article “Treatment of arterial hypertension with diuretics”

Calcium antagonist group

Antihypertensive drugs from the group of calcium antagonists do not allow calcium ions to enter cells. It has been established that this helps relieve tension from the vascular wall and relax the myocardium. Drugs considered particularly effective: Amlodipine, Lercanidipine, Normodipine, Diltiazem, Verapamil, Nifedipine.

Groups of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin blockers

The drugs counteract the most important mechanism that increases blood pressure: they eliminate enzymes that contribute to the production of hypertensive substances at the cellular level. Indicated for the treatment of hypertension “with experience”. In addition to already known drugs, such as Ramipril, Captopril, Capoten, Enalapril, the group includes the latest generation drugs (Prestarium, Perindopril).

Among angiotensin blockers, Candesartan, Valsartan, Losartan, and Lozap play an important role in therapy.

β-blocker group

Medicines block certain types of nerve endings in the vascular wall, making them immune to spasm. Their important action is to reduce the heart rate, ensure maximum unloading of the myocardium, and reduce the need for oxygen.

The pharmaceutical industry produces many drugs in this group. Their use is considered the most promising. Representatives are: Nebilet, Timolol, Carvedipol, Sectral, Lokren.

Group of homeopathic remedies

Homeopathic doctors, unlike therapists, take into account:

• lifestyle features (nutrition, character);
• leading symptoms of the disease;
• patient's response to the environment.

Small dosages are used, but they must be taken for a long time. You should consult your doctor about the possibility of combining it with other medications.

For complications of hypertension (stroke or heart attack), barium salts are recommended. If the patient is bothered by headaches or a feeling of heaviness in the head, then gold-based drugs are prescribed.

Homeopathic medicines affect the body as a whole and simultaneously treat concomitant diseases (cholecystitis, arthrosis, cardiac ischemia).

Not all medications for the treatment of hypertension are listed. In modern medicines, side effects on the body are minimized; combinations of substances from different groups are used.

Treatment should only be carried out under medical supervision. You should not change the medication or increase the dosage on your own. From a huge list of medications, you can always choose the right drug for each patient.

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Main groups of drugs for hypertension

Tablets to lower blood pressure are selected for the patient by the attending physician, taking into account his condition. There are several groups of drugs that can regulate blood pressure. They all act according to different schemes, have their own characteristics, contraindications, and side effects. The tablets should be taken constantly, regardless of the tonometer readings. They have a peculiarity - they accumulate in the body and have a long-lasting effect. Many drugs are addictive, so the doctor changes them periodically. If you have hypertension, prepare to drink them for the rest of your life.

Drugs that can regulate blood pressure solve the main problems:

• reduce headaches;
• prevent nosebleeds;
• remove flies from before the eyes;
• prevent kidney failure;
• reduce heart pain;
• prevent the risk of stroke and heart attack.

Let's take a closer look at these medicines. The main groups of drugs that solve the problems of high blood pressure:

• beta blockers;
• alpha blockers;
• calcium antagonists;
• angiotensin 2 antagonists;
• diuretics;
• ACE inhibitors.

Beta blockers

Tablets of this group can affect the heart rate, reducing it. At the same time, the walls of the blood vessels relax, reducing the volume of blood entering them over a certain period of time. This leads to a decrease in blood pressure. Drugs are prescribed in the presence of concomitant heart diseases: tachycardia, coronary artery disease, rhythm disturbances. Tablets in this group have side effects. It is not advisable to take them if you have complaints of heart pain and seizures. The group includes: “Concor”, “Nebivalol”, “Metaprolol”.

Alpha blockers

Tablets of this group have an antispasmodic effect, dilate blood vessels, relaxing the muscles along them. This helps reduce blood pressure. If you take the drugs separately from diuretics, beta blockers, swelling and headaches are possible. Alpha blockers are used in severe cases when other means are powerless. The tablets are addictive and can cause increased heart rate and hyperhairiness. These drugs include: Hydralazine, Minoxidil.

Calcium antagonists

This group of drugs has another name - calcium channel blockers. The tablets interfere with the flow of calcium into the vascular cells, which at the same time expand, and a decrease in pressure occurs. The top drug rating is Nifedipine, which can quickly relieve a hypertensive crisis. For high blood pressure, which is accompanied by diseases - arrhythmia, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, Verapamil and Amlodipine are prescribed. These drugs do not cause lethargy and help withstand physical activity. Often prescribed to older people.

Angiotensin 2 antagonists

Modern drugs of the group that have minimal side effects are called sartans. The effect of use is enhanced when combined with diuretics. Stable results of use are visible within a few weeks. Popular tablets of this group: “Lozap”, “Valz”, “Losartan”. They are not addictive, have a long-lasting effect - you need to take them once a day. Thanks to their use:

• the risk of stroke and heart attack is reduced;
• the likelihood of kidney failure is reduced.

Diuretics (diuretics)

Among the tablets for hypertension, diuretics are one of the first drugs prescribed. They help remove excess water and salts from the body and reduce swelling. This reduces blood volume and puts less strain on the heart. All this helps normalize blood pressure. Diuretics are prescribed only by a doctor - this is due to the fact that they remove calcium, potassium and magnesium from the body. They have contraindications for use. Along with diuretics, drugs are prescribed that restore the balance of potassium, calcium and magnesium.

Effective diuretics for high blood pressure:

• Furosemide and Diuver are potent drugs that actively remove calcium and magnesium and are not recommended during pregnancy.
• “Hypotheazid”, “Indapamide” - act slowly and have few side effects.
• "Veroshpiron" - has a weak diuretic effect, but is a potassium-sparing drug, helps with the highest, third degree of arterial hypertension.

You should be wary of diuretic tablets for hypertension. They are sold without prescriptions, the drugs are cheap, but you should take them only as directed and under the supervision of a doctor. This is due to side effects:

• the risk of diabetes increases;
• cholesterol levels rise;
• problems with potency appear;
• fatigue becomes higher;
• hormonal disruptions occur;
• loss of consciousness is possible.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Such drugs are prescribed to patients with hypertension who have heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and coronary heart disease. ACE inhibitors dilate blood vessels and contribute to decreased tonometer readings. They reduce the risk of stroke and heart attack, protect the kidneys, and reduce the likelihood of developing diabetes. The drugs have a short duration of action, so they are taken according to the regimen prescribed by the doctor.

These medications have few side effects. Sometimes a dry cough and slight swelling of the face appear. They should be taken at the dose indicated in the instructions, due to the possibility of a sharp decrease in blood pressure. The drugs are prescribed together with diuretics, calcium antagonists - with this option a strong therapeutic effect is obtained. ACE inhibitors are often used:

• "Enalapril";
• "Captopril";
• "Lisinopril";
• "Ramipril."

How to choose the right treatment for high blood pressure

You should not self-medicate if you have high blood pressure. To choose the right pills for hypertension, it is important to consult a doctor. He will find out what your blood pressure is now and what levels you need to achieve after treatment. This is especially important for older people - properly selected antihypertensive drugs prolong life and improve its quality.

Modern methods of treating hypertension are aimed at reducing and normalizing blood pressure. Only a qualified doctor is able to correctly select, from all the variety, the necessary drugs, taking into account the tests and the age of the patient. During the reception he:

• learns about concomitant diseases;
• determines contraindications;
• will select medications for blood pressure experimentally;
• will prescribe dosage, starting with small values;
• determine the dosage regimen, depending on the duration of action of the drugs;
• will monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

List of the best drugs for hypertension of the new generation

Modern drugs to lower blood pressure differ in that they have few side effects. The pharmaceutical industry offers the latest developments that have received excellent reviews from doctors. The list of the new generation of tablets for hypertension includes combination drugs that simultaneously have a vasodilator, diuretic and antispasmodic effect: “Andipal”, “Twinsta”.

Modern tablets for hypertension - new items on the pharmacological market medications– require mandatory medical supervision. Each group of drugs has innovations:

• calcium antagonists – “Amlodipine”, “Riodipine”;
• sartans - “Valsartan”, “Cardosal”;
• diuretics - Torasimide, Rolofilin;
• alpha and beta blockers - Nebivolol, Carvedilol;
• ACE inhibitors - Enalapril, Lisinoproil and its analogue - Dapril.

Fast acting high blood pressure tablets

How to bring down the pressure if it suddenly rises sharply? For urgent relief of a hypertensive crisis, it is necessary to dissolve a Nifedipine tablet under the tongue. Taking Capoten quickly normalizes blood pressure. It is also placed under the tongue until dissolved - the action begins after 10 minutes. It is very important that the decrease in pressure does not occur very sharply - otherwise there may be a stroke. If the attack is accompanied by pain in the heart, ambulance A Nitroglycerin tablet is administered under the tongue. With an increased heart rate, Esmolol helps well. The newest product ReCardio is also widely recommended

Are there any side effects and contraindications?

The peculiarity of taking pills for hypertension is that they do not treat the cause of the disease, they only lower blood pressure and maintain it within the required limits. To do this, you need to take medications constantly, regardless of what the tonometer readings are at the moment. Unfortunately, medications have side effects that, when used in this manner, accumulate in the body.

More details about this and contraindications can be found in the description of each drug. The attending physicians know about them. Side effects of drugs on the body manifest themselves in different ways, and are caused by:

• nervous system – dizziness, weakness, headache;
• cardiovascular – fainting, heart rhythm disturbances;
• sensory organs – blurred vision, tinnitus;
• digestive system – nausea, diarrhea;
Upper pressure 100

Medicine for hypertension is prescribed if the patient is at risk. It includes people whose blood pressure consistently exceeds 160/100 mm Hg. Art. For people who fall into the low-risk category, experts first of all advise lifestyle modifications and.

If these measures do not help, doctors prescribe special medications. What are the most effective medications for hypertension?

Blood pressure indicators are influenced by a number of factors that must be taken into account when choosing treatment tactics:

1. Vascular tone. The greater the vascular spasm, the higher the pressure. This indicator depends on the condition of small arteries - arterioles.
2. Circulating blood volume. The higher this indicator, the higher the pressure.
3. Functioning of the heart. The harder it beats, the more blood is pumped. This also provokes an increase in pressure.

To choose the best medicine for hypertension, you need to consult a doctor. Such drugs are prescribed in the following situations:

• When the pressure increases to 160-90 mm Hg. Art.;
• When the indicator increases to 130/85 mm Hg. Art. – this is important for people with heart or kidney failure, as well as diabetes mellitus.

It is recommended to give preference to medications that need to be taken once a day, or to medications that last for 12 hours. However, in most cases, doctors prescribe combination therapy, which includes two drugs at once. This allows you to reduce the dosage and minimize the risk of side effects.

Main groups of drugs for hypertension

There are a number of remedies that help reduce blood pressure. To get the desired result and choose the most effective medicine for hypertension, you should consult a doctor.

Beta blockers

These drugs can be used for monotherapy or complex therapy. They give results in the development of a resistant form of the disease. They can be used in the presence of a history of heart attack and angina. Also, these drugs are approved for chronic forms of heart failure and atrial fibrillation.

The mechanism of action of these drugs is based on stopping the production of angiotensin, which leads to vasoconstriction. These medications block beta receptors. Isolated therapy with assistance lasts 2-4 weeks. Your doctor may then prescribe a combination with a diuretic or calcium channel blocker.

Non-selective agents include the following:

• Carvedilol;
• Propranolol;
• Sotalol;
• Oxprenolol.

• Atenolol;
• Bisoprolol;
• Betaxolol.

Alpha blockers

These drugs block alpha-adrenergic receptors, which provides the irritating effects of norepinephrine. This leads to a decrease in blood pressure.

An effective drug in this category is doxazosin. It is used to eliminate attacks of high blood pressure or long-term therapy. However, many other products from this group have now been discontinued.

Calcium antagonists

These drugs are usually divided into several categories:

• Dihydropyridines - this group includes,;
• Benzodiazepines - these include;
• Phenylalkylamines - belongs to this category.

These products increase stress tolerance. They can be used in combination with ACE inhibitors. Thanks to this, it is possible to avoid the use of diuretics.

Calcium antagonists are often prescribed to older people with cerebral atherosclerosis. They are used for a combination of hypertension with angina or arrhythmia.

Angiotensin 2 antagonists

These are relatively new medications for hypertension that successfully lower blood pressure throughout the day. They can be used once a day - in the morning or before bed.

Angiotensin 2 antagonists are relatively new medications for hypertension that successfully lower blood pressure throughout the day.

The maximum duration of action for candesartan is up to 2 days. Also in this group are medications for hypertension that lower blood pressure for 24 hours.

These drugs rarely provoke a dry cough. They do not cause a rapid drop in pressure and do not lead to the development of withdrawal syndrome. A sustainable effect can be achieved 4-6 weeks after the start of therapy.

These modern medications for hypertension can be used for the renal form of the disease, since they eliminate spasm of the vessel wall. Also, these medications can be part of combination therapy for a stable form of the disease.

Diuretics

Thiazide diuretics and sulfonamides, which are included in the category of saluretics, help improve the synthesis and excretion of urine. This ensures a reduction in the swelling of the vessel wall, which leads to an increase in their lumen. Thanks to this, it is possible to reduce pressure.

This category includes hydrochlorothiazide, hypothiazide. These substances prevent the reabsorption of chlorine and sodium ions by the kidney tubules, which provokes their excretion. Medicines from this group do not affect normal blood pressure.

Sulfonamides include, arifon, indal. These drugs are used for complex forms of hypertension. They can also be part of a combination treatment for the development of resistant hypertension.

Indapamide is an approved medicine for hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus because it does not affect blood glucose levels.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

These drugs block the enzyme that converts angiotensin into renin. Thanks to their use, it is possible to reduce blood flow to the heart muscle. Drugs from this group become a reliable prevention of cardiac muscle hypertrophy and restore it in the presence of this problem.

ACE inhibitors with the sulfhydryl category are used to eliminate hypertensive crises. These include captopril, benazepril.

ACE inhibitors with a carboxyl group include, lisinopril,. Thus, enalapril has a positive effect on the life expectancy of patients. However, it provokes an undesirable side effect in the form of a dry cough.

How to choose a medicine for hypertension

To choose the safest medicine for hypertension, you need to consult a doctor. When prescribing medications, a specialist takes into account a number of criteria. These include the following:

• Patient's age;
• Pathologies of the cardiovascular system;
• Complications that exist in other organs.

The doctor will select a combination treatment that includes a number of drugs. This will provide a comprehensive effect on the mechanism of hypertension. Taking several medications at once reduces the volume of each of them. This will reduce the risk of side effects.

List of the best drugs for hypertension of the new generation

Each new generation of hypertension medications has many advantages. These include excellent effectiveness of therapy and a minimum of side effects. Today there are two categories of such drugs. These include:

• ACE inhibitors - from this group you can choose a new medicine for hypertension such as lisinopril, monopril or;
• Calcium channel blockers - this category includes lacidipine, nimodipine,.

Effective medications for hypertension have a gentle effect on the body. They do not lead to potency disorders or mental disorders. Thanks to their use, it is possible to improve the quality of life. However, such drugs cannot be used without a doctor’s prescription.

Fast acting high blood pressure tablets

Such drugs are required to eliminate the symptoms of a hypertensive crisis. They should be present in the first aid kit of every person with arterial hypertension. First aid means include the following:

• Nifedipine;
• Clonidine.

Side effects and contraindications

Contraindications directly depend on the category of the drug. However, many drugs are prohibited from being used in such situations:

• Pregnancy;
• Lactation;
• Obstruction of the biliary tract;
• Complex kidney and liver diseases;
• Bronchial asthma;
• Hypersensitivity to the components of the product;
• Decompensated heart failure;
• Age less than 18 years.

Finding a medicine for hypertension without side effects is quite problematic. Each drug can lead to undesirable health effects. The most common side effects include the following:

• Allergic reactions;
• Pain in the digestive organs;
• Nausea and vomiting;
• Stool disorders;
• A sharp drop in pressure;
• Depressive states;
• Feeling of dryness in the mouth;
• Sleep disorders.

If such symptoms appear, the drug should be discontinued immediately and consult a doctor.. A specialist will be able to select a more suitable analogue. Sometimes symptomatic therapy is required.

The safest medicine for hypertension

So far, there are no medications for hypertension without side effects. Scientists have not been able to develop a substance that will bring the desired result without harm to health.

However, if we consider new drugs, they have many advantages compared to drugs of previous generations. These include the following:

• High efficiency;
• Prolonged action - this makes it possible to minimize the dosage of the drug and minimize the risk of side effects;
• Complex action - this list of drugs for hypertension includes drugs that perform several functions at once.

The category of third generation drugs includes. It causes almost no side effects such as dry mouth or increased drowsiness. This drug is allowed to be used by patients with bronchial asthma and diabetes.

New drugs that have been successfully used to eliminate hypertension include selective imidazoline receptor agonists. They reduce blood pressure, have a minimum of contraindications and very rarely provoke side effects. This group includes rilmenidine and monoxidine.

New generation beta blockers that are actively used to combat hypertension include nebivolol and labetalol. They rarely cause side effects and almost do not harm human health. With the help of such means it is possible to prevent the occurrence of complications of hypertension.

Are there blood pressure medications without side effects? IN modern world Many people face the problem of high blood pressure, which indicates heart and vascular diseases. These diseases lead in the number of deaths. Serious illnesses often begin with a slight increase in blood pressure, which most of us do not pay attention to. Over time, severe complications develop, leading to loss of ability to work and even death.

Causes of hypertension

Hypertension is a common disease, the first symptoms of which are headaches, memory problems, and increased fatigue. A person does not pay attention to the symptoms for a long time, which worsen over time. Ringing in the ears, swelling of the face, and increased sweating appear. If such symptoms are present, regular monitoring of blood pressure is necessary. With a constant increase in this indicator we're talking about about hypertension. Arterial hypertension is a chronic disease that leads to disruption of all body systems. There is a decrease in visual acuity, loss of coordination, and chronic fatigue.

Stress is considered the main cause of hypertension. When stressed, the body produces an increased amount of adrenaline, leading to an increase in blood pressure. There are some other factors leading to the development of this disease:

• excess sodium in the body, which retains fluid;
• overweight;
• alcohol consumption;
• smoking;
• sedentary lifestyle.

Once a definitive diagnosis is made, treatment should begin immediately. IN modern medicine There is a wide range of drugs available to treat this disease.

Before prescribing a particular medicine, the doctor must conduct a complete examination of the patient. Most drugs have unwanted side effects, which must be taken into account when treating the patient. Almost all high blood pressure pills have negative effects, but you should choose those that have minimal harmful effects on the body. In the early stages of the disease, it is possible to do without the use of chemicals. It is necessary to activate the body's own defense mechanisms and eliminate the main cause of hypertension.

You need to start by reviewing your daily routine and nutrition. Reduce the amount of salt you consume, as it contributes to the accumulation of excess fluid in the body and can significantly increase blood pressure. Introduce foods rich in vitamins into your diet. Additionally, it is recommended to take multivitamin complexes. Especially if the reason high pressure is not overweight and endocrine diseases.

Light physical activity is beneficial. Learn to react less harshly to stressful situations. Psychotherapy should be used. These methods are a kind of medicine for hypertension without side effects. On initial stages diseases, it is possible to treat hypertension with herbal remedies. These include medicinal plants such as mint, hawthorn, chamomile, and lemon balm. By detecting the disease in time and starting treatment with non-drug means, it is possible to control blood pressure and avoid serious complications.

Drug therapy

In advanced forms of the disease, the patient needs to take medications for high blood pressure. The right medicine can lead to complete cure with minimal impact on the body. Modern high blood pressure pills have minor side effects. When choosing a drug, it is necessary to take into account the severity of the disease and the presence of concomitant pathologies. Several types of medications are used to treat high blood pressure:

1. Diuretic tablets for blood pressure help remove excess fluid from the body. This helps reduce the load on the kidneys and heart muscle. It is very important to choose the correct dosage of the medicine, taking into account existing contraindications. For example, diuretics are not recommended for gout. Medicines in this group help remove beneficial substances from the body, so they must be used together with vitamins. The main diuretics used for hypertension are Furosemide, Diacordin, Bumetanide, etc.
2. Vasodilators increase the lumen of blood vessels, lowering blood pressure. They are prescribed together with drugs from other groups. They have the greatest number of side effects. Taking them is advisable in cases where other drugs do not give positive results or the disease is detected in an advanced stage.
3. ACE inhibitors have a complex effect on the problem; they improve the functioning of the heart, kidneys and blood vessels. Drugs in this group reduce the production of hormones and relieve spasms. Most often, these drugs are prescribed to patients with diabetes mellitus and patients with renal failure. These drugs include Enalapril, Monopril, Captopril.
4. Beta blockers reduce the production of adrenaline, which increases during myocardial infarction and angina. Drugs of this series should not be taken for bradycardia, bronchial asthma, or low blood pressure.
5. Calcium antagonists free heart cells from calcium deposits, resulting in a decrease in heart rate. They have a diuretic effect. Drugs in this group have a number of contraindications and side effects, so they should be used under the constant supervision of the attending physician. The effectiveness of therapy depends on the right choice remedies for high blood pressure with minimal side effects.

Cheap analogues

Treatment of hypertension, like any other disease, leads to financial waste. Drug prices fluctuate widely. Cheaper drugs tend to have more side effects. The latest generation blood pressure tablets undergo multi-stage purification, which reduces their harmful effects on the body. More expensive drugs have a longer shelf life, which makes their use convenient. When purchasing certain blood pressure pills, you should also pay attention to the country of origin.

Injections are the safest and most convenient form of medications for treating hypertension. In Switzerland, a drug is currently being developed that can normalize blood pressure for a long time. Injections are used in the later stages of the disease, when taking pills does not lead to positive results. Injections also become more effective during a hypertensive crisis. In severe cases, it is recommended to immediately call an ambulance. The most common medications for blood pressure in the form of injections are Enalprilat (a vasoconstrictor), Clonidine (reduces the frequency of heart muscle contractions), Furosemide (a diuretic).

When treating a patient in a hospital setting, medications are administered, the use of which requires constant monitoring of the body’s condition. Nitroglycerin has a vasodilating effect, Metoprolol reduces heart rate, Pentamin has a positive effect on the sympathetic nervous system, lowers blood pressure. These drugs have a large number of side effects, so their use at home is unacceptable.

When treating older people, it should be taken into account that the human body becomes susceptible to many diseases. More attention should be paid to the psycho-emotional state of the patient. Elderly people should be careful about their diet, lead a healthy lifestyle, and maintain a special daily routine.

Drugs should be prescribed to such patients with particular caution.

Side effects in older age are more pronounced due to age-related changes in the body. It is recommended to prescribe drugs with complex action.

Traditional methods

Choosing this or that folk remedy, you should consult your doctor. There are several groups of herbal preparations used in the treatment of hypertension: sedatives (valerian, motherwort), diuretics (bearberry, dill seeds), strengthening the walls of blood vessels (arnica, chokeberry). The most effective are herbal infusions, which include sedative, diuretic and restorative plants. The following mixture gives a good effect in the treatment of hypertension: 10 g of cornflower and horsetail, 15 g of hawthorn, valerian root and chokeberry are mixed. 1 tbsp. l. herbal mixture, pour 200 ml of boiling water and leave for half an hour. The medicine is filtered and brought to the original volume with boiled water. The medicine is taken 3 times a day, 1/3 cup.

Photo: Syda_Productions/depositphotos.com

Birth control pills are oral contraceptives that are classified as hormonal drugs. Their function is to prevent unwanted pregnancy. The composition contains a combination of female sex hormones, long-term exposure to which changes the functioning of the ovaries.

Types of hormonal oral contraceptives

If we talk about combined drugs, it is understood that they contain several hormones, usually two: progestin and estrogen. Progestin is a derivative of progesterone, a male hormone in the female body. Estrogen, on the contrary, is exclusively female hormone, produced by the ovaries from puberty until the onset of menopause.

Ovulation is accompanied by the release of maximum estrogen levels, and the hormonal agent regulates its level, preventing ovulation.

According to the principle of action, they are monophasic (without changing the level of hormones throughout the entire period) and triphasic (the combination of hormones changes during the menstrual cycle). There are the following groups:

Low-dose products

This group of drugs is suitable for young women who have not yet given birth and who have a permanent relationship with a partner. Recommended products include: Lindinet-30, Belara, Silest, Janine, Miniziston, Marvelon, Rigevidon, Femoden, Regulon, Microgynon.

Medium-dose drugs

Created for women who have already given birth or middle-aged women. These are: Chloe, Diana-35, Milvane, Tri-Regol, Demoulin, Triquilar, Triziston.

High-dose contraceptives

Mini-pill

Mini-pills are the most gentle among all other drugs. They contain only one analogue of the hormone progesterone. They do not guarantee 100% protection against unwanted pregnancy, but there are situations when the use of only such drugs is recommended.

The principle of action of contraceptives

In addition to preventing ovulation, hormonal pills have an effect on the uterine mucosa and make it impossible for sperm to penetrate the fallopian tube. The uterine mucosa becomes thinner, which is why even with the penetration of a sperm, the fertilized egg is not able to gain a foothold in the uterine cavity.

Pros and cons of birth control pills

Fear of hormonal contraceptives and anxiety about health are understandable and justified. Modern drugs have virtually no side effects.

The advantage of using oral contraceptives is the improvement in the condition of the skin, nails and hair. Studies have confirmed that taking oral contraceptives reduces the risk of cancerous tumors ovaries and cervix. They are often used to treat various hormonal disorders and menstrual irregularities.

A positive effect when taking OCs can be considered a significant reduction in the amount of blood lost during menstruation and a decrease in pain.

Another advantage is that their contraceptive effect does not interfere with reproductive function. female body. She recovers completely within a few months after finishing treatment.

Side effects

Oral contraceptives are prescribed by gynecologists individually to each patient. But it is difficult to predict the tolerability of a particular drug in advance. An additional dose of hormones can lead to undesirable consequences, for example, the appearance of acne or weight gain.

Taking birth control pills for initial stage may lead to headaches, pressure changes, nausea or vomiting. If these symptoms appear, this may indicate individual intolerance to the drug. Therefore, it is worth changing your contraceptive.

Side effects may include vaginal discharge or bleeding. Hormonal agents often create a favorable environment for the development of bacteria.

It is worth distinguishing two types of bleeding: spotting bleeding and heavy bleeding. Spotting bleeding in the first months of prescription may simply be a consequence of changes in the body. However, in case heavy bleeding you should stop taking the drug and consult a doctor.

Selection of birth control pills

The selection of the drug is made by the doctor. First you need to pass the following examinations:

• Gynecological examination.
• Pelvic ultrasound, which will check for fibroids and cysts.
• Hormone analysis, which is done to prevent unwanted hormonal fluctuations.
• Mammography of the mammary glands.
• General blood test and smear.
• Cardiogram.
• Consultation with a nephrologist.

Except general condition body, when prescribing the drug, the doctor is guided by the woman’s age category, weight and sugar level.

Factors that reduce the effectiveness of contraceptives:

• Smoking while taking birth control pills. It is better to reduce the dose of nicotine consumed, as this can cause complications of cardiovascular diseases.
• Drinking alcohol is also undesirable in combination with oral contraceptives, as the effect of the drug can be significantly reduced.
• Taking antidepressants, antibiotics, tranquilizers and other medications.

How to take hormonal pills

In order for contraceptives to have an effect, you must follow the recommendations for use.

Hormonal contraceptives are used according to a strictly designated scheme. It should not be violated, as this can lead to an unplanned pregnancy or disrupt the menstrual cycle.

Birth control pills must be taken daily and preferably at the same time. It is best to do this in the evening before bed, then it will be easier not to forget about taking it. Before starting, you should rule out pregnancy, so start taking the pills on the first day of your period.

They do not begin to act immediately, so to avoid unplanned pregnancy, use additional methods of contraception in the first weeks of use.

The tablets are taken for 21 days of each menstrual cycle, then a break is taken for 7 days.

If you forget to take your pill on time, do it as quickly as possible. Next, adhere to the dosage regimen.

If the drug is interrupted for more than 12 hours, it would be correct to use additional contraception.

The process of stopping birth control pills is different for everyone, but in general the body's adjustment period ranges from 6 to 12 months. However, women often became pregnant in the first months after stopping the drug. Like all medications, oral contraceptives are eliminated from the body within 36 hours. Therefore, it is not recommended to interrupt use for longer than 12 hours.

Taking birth control pills after childbirth

Taking oral contraceptives after childbirth has its own nuances. Be sure to wait 3-4 weeks after delivery. This is associated with the risk of blood clots.

When breastfeeding, only progestogen drugs are prescribed. After cessation of lactation, you can proceed to taking combined oral contraceptives.