Regional capital differs from state capital in size and conditions of receipt. In many regions, a subsidy is issued only at the birth of a third child; in addition, requirements are established for family income or time of residence in the territory of the subject. Spending methods may vary; some areas provide the opportunity to buy a car, others allow funds to be spent only on improving living conditions.
The federal program to increase the birth rate has been operating in the country for 10 years. In addition to this, each region has introduced its own measures to support families with children. However, if the state allocates funds strictly at the birth of the second or subsequent children, then the subjects can set their own rules.
Maternity capital or regional capital is a measure of family support carried out by regional authorities, serving as an addition to a similar state program.
Regional version of maternity capital
The right of a region to issue its own regulations is implemented in different ways: for example, in Dagestan the amount of payment is established by decree, in the Rostov region - by law, in the Leningrad and Belgorod regions - by the social code. Therefore, the names of the documents will be different.
When creating their own areas of family support, regions are based on their financial capabilities, since the incomes of different entities differ greatly from each other. There are also regions that cannot fully cover expenses with income, so subsidies are allocated to them.
In addition to the amount of the subsidy paid to families, regional authorities determine the conditions for its provision, the procedure and directions of spending. There are also many differences in this regard. This is especially true for the order of use: in some regions, you can receive money when the child reaches the age of one and a half, not three years.
Regarding the number of children in a family, we can state almost complete unanimity: most regions pay money for the third child, rarely for the second.
Pay attention! In addition to regional maternity capital, there are other measures to support large families in the regions.
How does regional capital differ from state capital?
Maternity capital issued to families by the state and the region differs. These are two complementary programs that cannot be interchanged:
- The difference lies in the source of funds and the amount. For the federal family support program, money is allocated from the country’s budget, and for the regional one, from the budget of a specific region. The amounts also differ: the state allocates 453,026 rubles, the regions are several times less. Basically, the amount of payment to the subject is no more than 100 thousand rubles.
- Directions for spending funds. If we talk about family capital allocated by the state, they are determined by federal law. With regard to regional assistance, such areas are determined by the subjects themselves and can be supplemented or reduced. For example, in some regions the funds received can be used to install gas, electricity, water or sewerage, while in others it can be spent only on improving living conditions. However, most of the directions coincide.
- The time period after which the family can dispose of the allocated funds also varies. For federal maternity capital, the period is set at three years, for regional capital it depends on the characteristics of the subject. Mostly also three years, but there are exceptions.
- The conditions for receipt are also different. A regional subsidy can only be issued to families that have a certain level of income or live on its territory for a specified amount of time.
Important! Regional family capital, like state capital, is issued to a family only once.
Maternity capital in the regions
Subjects of the Russian Federation also support large families. Within the framework of their powers, legislative bodies adopt local laws with a social orientation. Regarding regional capital or maternity capital, it can be noted that it is issued almost everywhere. The program does not operate, but other measures to support families are used there.
All benefits assigned by the region have a single basis - the birth of a child in the family. However, the terms of provision, size and method of spending will differ. The table selectively presents information on regional capital assigned in individual regions of the country.
Table 1. Information on regional maternity capital in individual regions
| Subject | Period of birth (adoption) of the third child | Benefit amount in 2017 | Terms of service | When can I use it up? |
| Republic of Kalmykia | From 01/01/2012 to 31/12/2018; | RUB 62,348.88 | Special conditions apply only to families in which children were born in 2017: average per capita income is not more than 1.5 times the subsistence level | After 3 years |
| Belgorod region | after 01/01/2012 | 55388 rub. | A woman must officially reside in the region for at least three years | After 3 years |
| Kaliningrad region | after 01/01/2011 | The third or fourth child - 100,000 rubles, the fifth and subsequent ones - 200,000 rubles. at the birth of triplets - 1,000,000 rubles. | The average per capita family income is no more than 3.5 times the subsistence minimum | After 1 year |
| Leningrad region | The period is not specified. The adopted child must not be older than three months | 117360 rub. | Russian citizenship | After 1.5 years |
| Pskov region | No period specified | 100,000 rub. | Average per capita income is not more than the subsistence level | After 3 years |
| Rostov region | after 01/01/2012 | RUR 117,754 | The average per capita family income is not more than the subsistence level | After 3 years |
You can get acquainted with information about regional maternity capital in relation to all constituent entities of Russia.
Important! Many regions provide financial support to families only upon the birth of a third child. In addition, this assistance is conditional, that is, in order to receive funds, certain criteria must be met: family income, registration in the region.
What can regional capital be used for?
The directions for using regional subsidies in most regions are the same. The most popular ways to spend regional benefits are:
- Improving the family’s living conditions, including purchase, construction, renovation, payment of the first or subsequent installments, . In the Belgorod region, according to the Social Code, funds can only be spent on housing.
- Acquisition of land for or summer cottage. This method is not available in all regions, but it is possible, for example in Kalmykia.
- Education of the child, and he can receive education at any level, from a music school to a higher educational institution.
- Treatment or rehabilitation of a disabled child; in addition, the funds received can be used to purchase special vehicles or devices.
- Purchasing a car or household appliance that has a long service life. This direction is not available in all regions; for example, in the Leningrad region, a family can purchase this equipment if one of the children is disabled or the number of children is more than five.
- Some regions allow you to spend benefits on installing utilities. This includes: gasification, electrification, water supply, sewerage, construction of wells and boreholes. Such conditions have been observed in the Rostov region and the Republic of Kalmykia.
Pay attention! Improved living conditions, treatment and education for children are available in almost all regions. To obtain more accurate information, you need to refer to the law of the subject.
Video on the topic:
Table 2. What regional maternity capital can be spent on (full list of regions).
| Subject | Size, rub | How to spend | When to use | Conditions and features |
| Altai region | 55387,5 |
| after 3 years | |
| Amur region | 100000* | improvement of living conditions | without restrictions | valid until 12/31/2016 |
| Arkhangelsk region | 50000 | personal needs | can be used after 2 months from birth or 1 year from adoption | having Russian citizenship; residence in the region for at least 3 years; obtaining the status of a large family |
| Astrakhan region | 58764 | methods are not limited | in 2 years | large families subject to registered marriage or single mothers living in the region for more than 3 years; income below the subsistence level |
| Belgorod region | 55388 | improvement of living conditions | in 3 years | permanent residence in the region for at least 3 years |
| Bryansk region | 100000 |
| in 3 years | You can use the money to pay interest and loan installments earlier |
| Vladimir region | 50000 | not limited | in 1.5 years | permanent residence in the region |
| Volgograd region | 70000 | determined by social protection centers | in 3 years | valid from 01/01/2016 |
| Vologda region | 100000 | not installed | in 1.5 years | when twins are born, benefits are given for each |
| Voronezh region | 100000 |
| in 2 years | residence in the region for at least 1 year |
| Jewish Autonomous Region | 120000 |
| in 3 years | accommodation in the region |
| Transbaikal region | 50000 | for family needs | not installed |
|
| Ivanovo region | 50000 | any goals | from birth to 3 years | residence in the region for at least 3 years |
| Irkutsk region | 100000 |
| in 3 years | valid until 12/31/2018 |
| Kabardino-Balkaria | 250000 | improvement of living conditions | within a year after receiving the certificate | The subsidy is given only for 5 children |
| Kaliningrad region | 3 and 4 – 100000 Triplets – 1,000,000 |
| in 1 year |
|
| Kaluga region | 50000 | not installed | throughout the year | accommodation in the region |
| Kamchatka region | 1st – 100000 |
| no restrictions set | the program is valid until 2015, the subsidy is also provided for the birth of the first child by a woman aged 19 to 24 years |
| Karachay-Cherkessia | 100000 | not limited | in 3 years | subsidy is provided for the 4th child |
| Kemerovo region | 130000 | improvement of living conditions | not installed | accommodation in the region |
| Kirov region | 3rd – 75000 | not installed | for children born before December 31, 2016, payments are provided for the period from 6 months to 1 year; for children born after this date, payments are made after 1 year until the child reaches 2 years of age | residence in the region for at least 1 year |
| Kostroma region | in the amount of the down payment, but not more than 200,000 | improvement of living conditions | not installed |
|
| 100000 |
| in 3 years | accommodation in the region | |
| Krasnoyarsk region | 100000 |
| in 3 years | accommodation in the region |
| Kurgan region | in the amount of the cost of 18 sq.m. housing | improvement of living conditions | not defined |
|
| Kursk region | 75000 For triplets – 100,000 |
| in 3 years | accommodation in the region |
| Leningrad region | 117360 |
| in 1.5 years |
|
| Lipetsk region | 50000 For twins – 100,000 For triplets 120,000 | not installed | not installed |
|
| Magadan region | 100000 |
| not installed | benefits are also given for the first child born to women under 25 years of age |
| 100000 |
| After 3 years | birth of a second child | |
| Murmansk region | 100000 |
| not installed | accommodation in the region |
| Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 300000 |
| in a year | residence in the district for at least 1 year |
| For the 2nd – 25,000 For the 3rd – 100,000 |
| from birth for the 3rd; After 1.5 years for the 2nd child | accommodation in the region | |
| Novgorod region | 100000 200,000 – if the family improves their living conditions |
| not installed | residence in the region for at least 2 years |
| Omsk region | 100000 |
| in 3 years | |
| Orenburg region | 116 866 |
| in 3 years | birth of 3 children and residence in the region |
| Perm region | 100000 |
| in 2 years | birth of 3 children and residence in the region for 5 years |
| Primorsky Krai | 150000 |
| in a year | birth of 3 children and residence in the region, citizenship |
| Pskov region | 100000 |
| in 3 years | family income is below the subsistence level |
| Republic of Adygea | 50000 | not installed | not installed | birth of 3 children and residence in the Republic |
| Altai Republic | 50000 |
| in 3 years | birth of 4 children and residence in the Republic for at least 1 year |
| Republic of Bashkortostan | 100000 |
| not installed | subsidy is paid for the adoption of a child |
| Republic of Buryatia | 50000 |
| not installed |
|
| Republic of Dagestan | for 5 – 10000 For 10 – 300000 For twins – 20,000 For triplets 100,000 | not installed | within a year after birth | accommodation in the Republic |
| Republic of Kalmykia | RUB 62,348.88 |
| in 3 years | special conditions apply only to families in which children were born in 2017: average per capita income is not more than 1.5 times the subsistence level |
| Republic of Karelia | 105500 |
| in a year | Residence in the Republic, birth of 3 children |
| Komi Republic | 150000 |
| in six months | Permanent residence in the Republic, birth of 3 children |
| Republic of Mari El | 50000 | not installed | not installed |
|
| Republic of Mordovia | For the 3rd – 125270 For the 4th – 150324 For the 5th 187906 |
| in 3 years |
|
| Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) | 100000 |
| not installed |
|
| Republic of North Ossetia-Alania | 50000 | for family needs | in 3 years |
|
| Republic of Tyva | 50000 |
| in 3 years |
|
| Republic of Khakassia | 100000 For small villages – 200,000 |
| it's installed |
|
| Rostov region | 117754 |
| in 3 years | family income below the subsistence level |
| Ryazan region | 61173,57 |
| in 1 year |
|
| Samara region | 100000 |
| in 1 year |
|
| 100000 |
| in 3 years |
|
|
| Saratov region | 100000 |
| in 3 years |
|
| Sakhalin region | 204263 |
| in 3 years |
|
| 150000 |
| in 2 years Regardless of the period, if money is needed to repay a loan or rehabilitate a disabled child |
|
|
| Smolensk region | 163 300 |
| in 3 years |
|
| Stavropol region | ||||
| Tambov region | 100000 | purchasing a house, gasification, renovation | not installed |
|
| Tver region | 50000 | improvement of living conditions; carrying out engineering communications; purchase of furniture and household appliances; purchase of a car and agricultural machinery or animals | in a year |
|
| Tomsk region | 100000 |
| in 3 years |
|
| Tula region | 50000 |
| not installed |
|
| Tyumen region | 40000 | for family needs | not installed |
|
| Udmurt Republic | 300000 | to repay debt under a loan agreement | not installed |
|
| Ulyanovsk region | On the 2nd – 50000 On the 3rd – 100,000 On the 4th – 150,000 On the 5th 200000 On the 6th – 250 00 On the 7th 700000 |
| in 1.5 years | accommodation in the region |
| Khabarovsk region | 200000 |
| in 2 years |
|
| Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra | 100000 |
| in 1 year |
|
| Chelyabinsk region | 50000 |
| Not installed |
|
| Chuvash Republic | 100000 |
| in 3 years |
|
| Chukotka Autonomous Okrug | 100000 | for family needs | in 2 years |
|
| Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 350000 |
| in 1 year |
|
| Yaroslavl region | 56606 | for family needs | not installed |
|
*The amount of capital is indexed. Please refer to your local regulations for exact amounts.
Accepted abbreviations: PP – Government resolution, PA – Administration resolution.
Author: . Higher legal education: North-Western branch of the Russian Academy of Justice (St. Petersburg) Work experience since 2010. Contract law, consulting on taxation and accounting, representation of interests in government agencies, banks, and notaries.
June 24, 2017.
Statistics show that more than 50% of people who issued a maternal certificate applied to receive it. The rest of the citizens are only thinking about where to spend the money, since they still have time - the program has been extended until the end of 2021.
Legislation strictly limits what maternity capital can be spent on. Using money for inappropriate purposes is not permitted and may become a reason for bringing the parent to liability. For example, a citizen may become obligated to repay funds spent inappropriately.
So what can you use maternity capital for in 2018?
The maternity capital program in Russia began to operate in 2007, after the president signed the relevant law. The text of the Federal Law indicates the main directions for the correct use of capital funds.
Throughout the entire period of the program, changes were repeatedly made to the federal law regarding the areas of use of funds. For example, one of the latest innovations is the possibility of using maternal capital to purchase goods necessary for the rehabilitation of a child with a disability and his integration into society.
The use of maternity capital is possible only if the following conditions are met:
- Distribution of funds according to family capital is made in application form. The application and accompanying documents and certificates are submitted to the local branch of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation located at the applicant’s place of permanent residence.
- Allocation of funds from the state budget is carried out only by non-cash payment. You can't cash out that kind of money.
- As a rule, a family can apply for capital funds only when the second child (or subsequent child in the family, who gave the parents the right to apply for such a measure of social support) reaches three years of age.
- You can spend maternity capital funds on all children, and not just on the child who was entitled to a measure of social support.
- The main restriction for the use of funds is that the child reaches 25 years of age.
However, official registration of marriage between parents is not a mandatory requirement for using the certificate.
Initially, it was assumed that the amount under the maternal certificate would be constantly indexed. And such an increase in savings actually occurred before the economic crisis that occurred in 2015.
Due to the unfavorable situation, the Government decided to “freeze” indexation.
At the moment, it is known that indexation will also not be carried out until the beginning of 2020, while the validity of the program itself has been extended until the end of 2021. The amount of maternity capital is 453,000 rubles.
What can you spend it on?
Due to the fact that legislative norms are regularly improved, changes have been repeatedly made to the Federal Law regarding the permitted areas in which these funds can be taken.
Previously, it was possible to use money using a certificate only in 4 directions. Now their circle has expanded.
Improving living conditions
Maternity capital funds can be spent on improving the family’s living conditions. Most citizens use money in this direction, for example, to repay a mortgage loan with maternity capital.
Certificate funds can be invested in the following areas:
- Construction of new buildings, including through joining a housing cooperative.
- Reconstruction of residential premises.
- Repayment of a bank loan, provided that the funds were received for the purchase or construction of housing.
- Partial or full repayment of a mortgage loan (principal or interest, but no penalties). It is also possible to refinance a previously executed loan agreement, provided that the money is used as a contribution to part of the housing loan.
- Purchasing part of a new or secondary home.
The main condition that must be met for using money in this direction is the allocation of a share in the acquired real estate to all family members, including minor children and unborn babies ( in the latter case, a special obligation is prescribed in the application).
Children's education
Parents can use maternity capital funds to pay for education for their children, as well as pay for any related services. It does not matter which child’s education the money will be used for.
When using maternity capital in this direction, the following conditions must be met:
- An educational institution in which tuition will be paid for using capital funds must have a document confirming state accreditation.
- Payment for education is made only if the child is studying at an institution located on the territory of the Russian Federation.
- A student who is just starting his studies at an institute or college must be no more than 25 years old. Maternity capital funds can be used to pay for student accommodation in a dormitory and utilities.
In addition, the certificate can be used to make payments when children visit:
- Sports schools, sections.
- Musical and artistic institutions involved in education.
- Courses on studying various foreign languages.
You can use capital money only to pay for a child’s education in the above-mentioned institutions, only if they have the appropriate license to carry out this type of activity.
Mother's pension
The entire amount of state support or a separate part of it can be spent on providing the funded part of the mother’s pension. This method of spending maternity capital is also very popular, because if you choose it, you can receive funds in the following way:
- One time.
- In the form of early payments (at least 10 years before retirement age).
- For life in equal shares once the mother reaches the age established by law.
If the recipient of such a pension dies, all funds will pass to the heirs.
Payment for kindergarten
Most mothers who choose the best option for using maternity capital opt for a good private kindergarten. Paying for a child to attend such a preschool is indeed possible, but only if several conditions are met:
- The institution must have a license.
- The activities of a private kindergarten must be carried out within the borders of the Russian Federation.
- The mother must have a contract in hand.
The contract must specify the cost of food, education, socialization, and ensuring the necessary hygiene standards. Such kindergarten services must be paid for.
Monthly benefit from maternity capital ( available from January 1, 2018)
Maternity capital is divided into parts and paid in shares only to needy families. Family income must be below 1.5 times the subsistence level for the second quarter of 2017 per each member.
This innovation regarding the division of the amount of maternity capital is valid only from the beginning of the year. Find out more about the possibility of using maternity capital in this way at your local Pension Fund office.
For the calculation, the formula D/12/N = K is proposed, where:
- D – the amount of total income, including pensions, salaries, benefits, scholarships;
- 12 – number of months in a year;
- N – number of people in the family;
- K – income per family member.
One-time cash payments
At the legislative level, it is possible to receive a one-time payment of 25,000 rubles. It can only be used if the relevant Resolution is issued, since such a payment is not provided annually.
Every year the Government makes a decision on the possibility of using this anti-crisis measure, which is recorded in a regulatory act. In 2018, you can take advantage of this support measure.
Features in regions
Certain regions of the Russian Federation provide for the possibility of obtaining their own regional maternity capital. As a rule, receiving this measure of support is possible upon the birth of a third child in a family, but in some regions of Russia, parents of the first-born can also take advantage of this right.
Funds paid under regional maternity capital programs are spent in the directions established by local Orders. For example, in some constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the authorities do not in any way limit the options for using funds, which is beneficial to parents, and some regions require that the money be spent only on improving living conditions.
What you can’t spend maternity capital on
Maternity capital funds cannot be used in the following areas:
- Drawing up a car purchase and sale agreement.
- Purchasing a country house.
- Acquisition of land.
- Compensation for expenses spent on apartment renovation.
- Payment for consumer loans.
Some of the above options for using money are being discussed in the State Duma, and perhaps in the future may become targeted areas for implementation.
When can you use maternity capital after the birth of a child?
As a rule, the use of funds for maternity capital is allowed only when the child who gave the right to apply for such a social support measure reaches three years of age. In some cases, the certificate can be sold before this, for example, to pay off a mortgage loan or pay for education.
According to statistics from the Russian Pension Fund (PFR) at the moment:
- 48% of certificate holders used maternity capital in full;
- another 2% managed the allocated money partially;
- 48% have never applied to the Pension Fund since .
The main document regulating the expenditure of maternity capital funds is Federal Law No. 256-FZ of December 29, 2006 “ " Below are some of the terms and conditions stipulated therein:
- money can be directed to specific needs in whole or in part;
- the order is carried out in application form(more about);
- funds are transferred only by bank transfer;
- you can exercise the right to dispose of money after the child who has been given the right to a certificate turns 3 years old(this rule applies to all cases except one - purchasing a home using a loan or loan, including under).
The program undergoes various changes from year to year. For example, since 2016 There is no annual indexation, thanks to which the amount of payment since 2007 has increased from 250 to 453 thousand rubles (an increase of 81.2%). Therefore, holders of certificates for maternal capital should think about using the money as early as possible, because year after year this amount depreciates due to inflation.
What can you spend maternity capital on in 2019?
Thanks to the changes and additions adopted to the law on maternity capital in previous years, family (maternity) capital can already be spent in four different directions. In this case, you can choose one of them or their combination.
- Using the certificate. This includes (including on credit): rooms, houses and shares in construction in Russia, as well as the reconstruction of premises giving them qualities that are more suitable for a family with children. The list of documents and conditions for the use of funds in this area are given in Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 862 of December 12, 2007. “On the Rules for allocating funds (part of the funds) of maternal (family) capital to improve housing conditions”.
- Payment for educational services from maternity capital. You can pay for the education of any child in the family (up to 25 years old) in kindergartens and nurseries, additional sections, schools, technical schools and universities in the Russian Federation.
- Directing money for mother's funded pension(least popular destination).
- Cost reimbursement social adaptation of disabled children up to 3 years (new direction from January 1, 2016) - technical means, rehabilitation and medical measures according to the list established by the Government.
Matkapital for the purchase of housing
For most Russian families with children, the housing issue is of acute relevance. Therefore, it is not surprising that more than 90% of maternity capital recipients fully or partially use certificate funds.
This concept includes the purchase of apartments, the acquisition or construction of individual houses - both using third-party (credit) funds, and at the expense of one’s own funds (under a purchase and sale agreement).
To the question Is it possible to buy an apartment with maternity capital?, the legislation answers unequivocally: it is possible. - the easiest way to invest in housing. In this case, it is possible to conclude any agreement that does not contradict the law.
In general, the transaction takes place as follows:
- the seller, the residential property, is located, its agreed price is determined;
- a purchase and sale agreement with deferred payment is concluded;
- an application is written to the Pension Fund for the transfer of money to the seller’s account;
- if the cost of the object is more than , the buyer transfers to the seller the difference between these amounts (from personal funds);
- within two months, the Pension Fund transfers money according to the submitted application.
Funds from the certificate can also be used for services indirectly related to studies(the full list is established by the Government of the Russian Federation). For example, maternity capital can be used to pay for a hostel and its utilities, but this money cannot be spent on food.
Other uses maternal capital for a child:
- payment for sports sections;
- music or art school;
- language courses.
Payment for kindergarten
The opportunity to use funds from maternity capital to pay for kindergarten appeared after the adoption of Government Decree No. 926 of December 24, 2007 and Government Decree of the Russian Federation No. 931 of November 14, 2011. The money will be transferred to the account of a public or private kindergarten if the following conditions are met:
- has a kindergarten license for the implementation of preschool educational activities;
- located on the territory of the Russian Federation;
- between him and his parents an agreement has been concluded in the appropriate form;
- payment is made only for child support(supervision and care services).
Fully pay for a kindergarten, even a public one, from family capital it won't work. Child care includes nutrition, education, socialization and provision of necessary hygiene standards. To this list not included educational services, payment for teachers, paid clubs and sections.
As already mentioned, money from family capital, with a few exceptions, can be used only after the child's 3rd birthday. That is, only the youngest of the children will be able to pay for the nursery, but only after three years - that is, no longer to the one thanks to whom the family acquired the right to maternity capital.
Matkapital for mom's retirement
According to Art. 12 of the law on maternity capital, the funds from the certificate can be used in whole or in part to form the funded part of the mother’s pension in a state or non-state pension fund (NPF). It is argued that such an investment will be beneficial for a woman, because her three years of caring for several children is often not fully counted towards her work experience.
- The woman who wrote may, before she retires, change your mind and redirect funds for other purposes (recall them).
- The law also provides that the owner of the certificate, who has not expressed her will in relation to maternity capital or part thereof, may subsequently take this money directly into account as part of pension savings upon retirement.
In accordance with pension legislation, in the future, funds allocated for the mother’s pension can be received:
- in the form urgent pension payment(for a period of at least 10 years);
- as lump sum payment;
- in the form unlimited lifetime payments.
If the owner of pension savings does not live to see retirement, the contribution from maternity capital can be inherited by the father of the child who gave the right to state assistance to the family, or by the woman’s children.
This option for spending funds from state support for a family least popular(less than 1% of all cases). People do not trust the targeted spending of funds after a long period of time, because the money can significantly depreciate.
What can’t the certificate funds be spent on?
Options for targeted spending of funds from maternity capital are listed in the articles of Federal Law No. 256-FZ of December 29, 2006 “ On additional measures of state support for families with children" In the current version of the document, you can always familiarize yourself with the opportunities available to certificate holders. No other directions other than those listed not provided. However, many of them are discussed and are the subject of populist speculation.
Often families do not find the opportunity to use funds for any of the purposes provided for. Probably for this reason, not entirely legal cash-out schemes are being developed. It is worth assuming that the targeted use of maternity capital could be expanded, and new ways to spend funds would be in demand.
Maternity capital for the purchase of a car
A car cannot be attributed to any of the opportunities to dispose of maternal capital: neither to, nor, especially, to children’s education or maternal pension.
To the question Is it possible to buy a car with maternity capital?, the answer is clear: no, you can't. Although this would solve the issue of movement of families with children and improve their well-being. After all, with 453 thousand you can buy a new car even without attracting personal funds (if you purchase a domestically produced car).
This possibility has been discussed at least three times since its introduction. It has pros and cons and was rejected due to these obvious difficulties:
- opportunity instant sale of a car after its purchase for cashing out funds;
- threat of car theft or its damage in an accident;
- relatively fast car breakdown(especially, unfortunately, domestic brands).
The issue acquired new relevance in 2014, when Prime Minister Medvedev decided to combine two tasks: anti-crisis support for the Russian automotive industry and families with two or more children. Bill No. 583192-6, which provides for the possibility of purchasing a domestic car using maternal capital, was submitted to the Cabinet of Ministers for consideration.
Despite the hopes of the certificate holders, the proposal was rejected as not in compliance with the Constitution and State Duma regulations.
Purchase of land or cottage
The Basic Law on Maternity Capital provides improvement of living conditions families at the expense of funds allocated by the state. However, neither the plot nor the dacha can directly and immediately affect the comfort and living conditions of the family, because:
- even if a plot of land is purchased for the construction of a residential cottage, it is unlikely that the average family will be able to complete construction in the near future;
- In most cases, it is impossible to live in a dacha all year round, but only during the warm season.
For those who are interested, Is it possible to buy a dacha with maternity capital?, it is better to look for a house suitable for permanent residence.
Can't use purchase certificate plot without buildings. There must be a permanent house on the land - only then will the transfer of funds be approved by the Pension Fund of Russia, and the cost of the land plot itself will be in accordance with the certificate not paid.
The difference between a dacha and a full-fledged residential building is as follows:
- The house is located on a plot for individual residential development. Dacha - on a summer cottage or allotment for garden construction.
- The residential building has capital strong foundation and walls, while the dacha structures are lightweight.
- At a minimum, the house has plumbing, heating and electrical networks. In country houses they are not always provided.
- The principles of state registration of these two types of buildings in Rosreestr differ.
In 2013-2014 The State Duma considered bill No. 353194-6, which provides for the expansion of state support measures for children. He gave affirmative answers to the following questions:
- Is it possible to buy a plot of land with maternity capital?
- is expensive treatment possible for women and children;
- Will it be allowed to carry out repairs and install communications using this money?
Certificate for renovation of an apartment or house
The above-mentioned and not adopted bill No. 353194-6, as well as another bill No. 218827-6 and some others, provided for allowing the use of family capital for repair work, as well as to resolve the issue of supplying communications to houses and old apartments (for example, those not equipped with gas or hot water supply). This is important for the comfort of families with children, because it significantly affects not only comfort, but also children’s health.
Overhaul of residential premises improves the living conditions of its owners. However, he does not fundamentally solve the problem complete lack of a place where the family will live. That is why repairs are not included in the list of possibilities for using maternal capital. Funds from the federal budget intended for the certificate holder cannot be spent on major or routine repairs.
According to the law, maternity capital can be used for the construction and reconstruction of housing. Reconstruction differs from repair in the following ways:
- During reconstruction The layout of the building is changing- dimensions, areas and number of rooms, moving walls and partitions, cutting openings. For example, an attic is built on, a balcony is added, or a large room is divided into several by partitions. Repair of such things does not include.
- Reconstruction involves changing the purpose of the premises or the entire building. For example, a warehouse or store is converted into an apartment, which is impossible during renovation.
That is, if redevelopment is planned for the home, it will be classified as reconstruction (and will require approval from the BTI). It will be possible to receive compensation for it at the expense of maternal capital if at the same time the living space is increased by an amount not less than the calculated norm. If ordinary plastering, insulation, replacement of windows or roof rafters, or repair of cracks are planned, these works will be classified as repair work.
Consumer loan for maternity capital
The opportunity to take out a consumer loan would have a positive impact on the level of family well-being, and would also allow the use of funds by those families who don't have extra money, for example, for the purchase of housing. Often, maternity capital is not used precisely for these reasons: retirement or children’s education is not coming soon, and there is not enough money for a loan or the purchase of living space.
It often happens that consumer or non-targeted loans are taken out by families due to the inability to obtain funds from the bank specifically for an apartment. Even if the Pension Fund is able to provide evidence that the money was spent specifically on the purchase of an apartment, usually maternity capital not allowed to use for repayment not mortgage loans.
There are precedents when families were able to prove in court the use of a consumer loan to purchase housing. This has created legal precedents, but it is better not to waste your time on such evidence.
In this regard, buy household appliances and other things on credit at the expense of the federal mat. capital will not work. It is also impossible to repay the loan taken for real estate renovation at his expense - all this not provided by law. At the moment, only products from regional family capital, and then only in some regions.
Conclusion
One of the innovations among the possibilities for using maternal capital in 2016 was the right to use it for the purchase of goods and services intended for social adaptation and integration into society of disabled children. In addition, since 2015, funds from the certificate can be used for the down payment on a loan (mortgage), without waiting for the child's 3rd birthday.
Otherwise, the targeted expenditure of funds remained the same as the year before: purchase, construction and reconstruction of residential premises, raising or educating children, contribution to the funded part of the pension. The State Duma is also considering other options for using funds, which provide a federal certificate. But for now it is not allowed to use them for any needs other than those listed.
The child’s parents, who received the right to maternity capital as part of a temporary state targeted program, are interested in how this money can be spent. There are certain restrictions on the use of targeted funds, for example, a restriction on spending before the child turns 3 years old. But there are also exceptions. We’ll talk about everything in order within the framework of this material.
General provisions
Maternity capital is social material support that is guaranteed under the state program. Families who had a child between 2017 and 2018 are entitled to maternity capital. A certificate of assistance can be issued immediately after the appearance of the basis - birth, adoption.
The specifics of receiving benefits in the form of maternity capital are stipulated in Art. 7, paragraph 6 of the federal law “On additional measures of social security for families with children.”
Conditions of maternity capital
The law stipulates the general rules for disposing of funds received as part of state support. They are relevant for most cases. These are the following conditions:
- The use of maternity capital can only occur after 3 years from the date of foundation (birth, adoption).
- You can spend the funds on any of the children.
- A certificate for maternal capital, along with an application for disposal of funds, must be submitted to the Pension Fund; you should use the services of the pension department at your place of residence.
- In cases where a minor citizen switches to full state support before the money is spent, the right to payment passes to him. This happens when parents are deprived of parental rights or die.
- There are reservations in the law that allow the use of maternity capital by a minor citizen until he reaches 3 years of age. These are housing loans.
Important to know! The only opportunity to use maternity capital until the offspring is three years old (before the expiration of three years from the date of adoption) is to fulfill obligations on targeted housing loans and rentals. It is also being implemented within the framework of collateral mortgage programs.
Difficulties
Citizens where one of the parents (adoptive parents) does not have Russian citizenship, or if the baby dies during the birth process, will not receive funding.
Deferred use and targeted allocation of benefits is a kind of security measure that the state used in the interests of children. But such guarantees also give rise to certain difficulties. For example, a family with several children may need funds at any time. But they can be used after the person whose birth (adoption) they were issued turns 3 years old.
Target areas
The law stipulates all conditions for the use of maternal capital. Let us note once again that funds can be used for the needs of any child in the family. Maternity capital should be spent on meeting the following needs:
- improvement of housing conditions, including expansion of living space (purchase, construction, mortgage);
- teaching children;
- accumulation of maternal pension.
Note! Since 2016, a new clause has been introduced into the bill concerning the interests of disabled children. Another intended purpose of maternity capital is the purchase of goods/services that a disabled person requires for his social adaptation in society.
Future prospects
Lawmakers plan to put forward for discussion amendments to the law that could expand the possibilities for using capital. One of the planned target areas is payment for the cost of IP services. But again, the money should be spent in the interests of the children, for example, to pay for a nanny, or for the child to stay in a private kindergarten.
The most common difficulties that parents face today are:
- The eldest child studies at a university on a paid basis. The law allows them to spend money on tuition fees, but due to time limits, they do not receive real assistance from the state.
- One of the older children is disabled and needs help with rehabilitation and adaptation. But the money was issued based on the birth of the youngest child. Again, you will have to wait for 3 years to satisfy the needs of the older child.
- They plan to use the money to improve living conditions. The family has already grown, the children need additional space. Postponement of reconstruction, repair or construction is delayed, thereby preventing the implementation of the main task.
If the family began reconstruction or construction of residential premises ahead of schedule, then it is necessary to save all contracts for repair and construction activities and receipts for building materials. These papers can be attached to the order for spending money. When making payments, confirmed expenses will be taken into account, even if they occurred earlier than the due date.
Use of maternity capital for up to 3 years
Housing is one of the main factors of normal life. This is precisely the priority direction in the distribution of maternity capital. If we compare the secondary and primary housing markets, then a new or under construction property evokes more confidence. Therefore, the state willingly finances purchase and sale transactions with the involvement of credit cooperatives and banking institutions.
Families who intend to have already taken out a loan to purchase housing are entitled to certain benefits. Banks offer them a reduced interest rate in exchange for government support. Part of the debt and interest is reimbursed from the federal budget.
Banks that are ready to finance families with children under preferential programs can count on partial repayment of the debt with federal budget funds. Finance is allocated under the state mortgage loan project.
Without waiting for 3 years, a family can receive maternal capital if they plan to spend the money on the following housing needs:
- payment of a deposit under a mortgage agreement for development (purchase);
- reimbursement of the principal debt (interest) on the loan that was issued before the distribution of funds.
Attention! The Pension Fund allocates funds to cover expenses only for the targeted loan. The agreement must clearly state that the loan money can be spent on the purchase/construction of residential premises. Bank clients who do not see the difference between consumer and targeted financing may find themselves in a difficult situation without government financial support.
Situations when a family actually takes out a consumer loan to finance construction or directly purchase a home. This need is due to the fact that the bank does not issue targeted housing loans due to the low level of official income. In fact, the client is ready to pay, but cannot prove it, so he receives a loan at a higher interest rate.
Even if applicants have confirmation that the funds were spent on housing, the state will not finance such a loan at the expense of maternal capital. The pension fund, which distributes this type of social benefit, cannot violate the law by allocating money to repay a consumer loan. Only the target residential mortgage is reimbursed.
Note! Instant refunds are not issued under a deferred purchase agreement. Even in a situation where the purchased object becomes collateral, financing will not be received from the Pension Fund. Only a targeted loan (credit) agreement can serve as the basis for the allocation of financing from maternal capital.
What do you need to receive assistance before the end of three years?
The first thing an applicant who wants to receive financing for the purchase of a residential property should do is contact the PF branch. The applicant writes a statement about the disposal of funds. Depending on the purpose of receiving funds (repayment of the principal amount of the loan, repayment of the loan or making a down payment), the list of required documentation also changes.
The list of papers that the pension fund will require to repay the mortgage on account of maternity benefits is determined by PP No. 862. This is a resolution on the rules for the distribution of family capital when financing residential construction/purchase of real estate.
Matkapital up to 3 years without mortgage
A situation in which the applicant has been issued a certificate and he urgently needs to improve his living conditions requires separate consideration. If the family does not want to get involved with loans, then they can use deferred payment, subject to agreement with the seller.
Attention! Reimbursement of part of the cost of housing at the expense of maternal capital for up to 3 years takes place without applying for a loan according to this scheme: the buyer pays the seller the main part of his own money, and after 3 years expire (the period for paying social benefits), the pension fund reimburses the rest of the amount. In this case, a purchase and sale agreement with deferred payment is used.
This scheme has the following benefits:
- buying an apartment without waiting;
- compliance with legal regulations;
- the money has not depreciated because it was invested in a profitable transaction.
Deal nuances
Until the Pension Fund transfers the balance of the amount from the capital funds, the purchased housing will remain the property of the seller. But as soon as the funds are transferred, according to the contract, the property becomes available to the buyer.
How is the certificate cashed out?
In the concept of “cash out” the reader understands the concept of issuing money from the Pension Fund. Funds can be transferred to a bank account before the expiration of 3 years only in cases specified by law, to repay a home loan or mortgage in particular.
The term "cash out" is misleading. The applicant for payment believes that help can be received in person. In fact, there is no and cannot be any cash that would be at the disposal of the applicant. The law does not allow this possibility, since there is a clear scheme for the allocation and transfer of such funds.
Reader Questions
- Question one: Is it possible to spend money on buying a wheelchair for an older child if the youngest child (who received assistance) is now 2.6 years old?
Answer: You can spend funds from maternity capital to buy a stroller for an older disabled child; the law allows the use of funds for the benefit of any child. But you can do this no earlier than six months later; at least 3 years must pass from the moment the foundation appears (the birth of the baby).- Question two: If we can confirm that the consumer loan was issued specifically for the purchase of an apartment, will the Pension Fund reimburse us for the costs from maternity capital?
Answer: The pension fund cannot violate the law by determining target funds for reimbursement of a consumer loan, even if it was issued for the purchase of housing. In order to reimburse part of the costs at the expense of maternal capital, you need to apply for a targeted loan; the contract must state that the funds are issued for purchase (construction).- Question three: Is it better to apply for a loan and then apply for reimbursement from maternity capital or ask for financing for the down payment on the loan?
In the Russian Federation, the program for issuing maternity capital originated more than 10 years ago. During the period of the program, the growth of the Russian population increased. At the same time, the funds received can be used in some areas. We will provide a more detailed overview of matcap directions in our material.
What can you spend maternity capital on?
According to Law No. 256 of December 29, 2006, maternity capital (hereinafter referred to as MK) can be spent on the following areas:
- Improving living conditions– implies the acquisition of residential real estate, as well as the reconstruction of existing real estate.
- Children's education– a number of conditions must be met, namely:
- child age 3-25 years;
- a university, college or other educational institution is located on the territory of the Russian Federation;
- the relevant educational organization has a complete list of documents for carrying out such activities.
At the same time, MK can be spent on such institutions as:
- kindergarten, nursery;
- secondary and higher educational institutions;
- music and art schools;
- sports sections.
- Repayment of mortgage and target loan– most often the amount of MK is not enough to purchase a full-fledged home, so most couples prefer to take out a mortgage. At the same time one thing to consider– it is impossible to repay part of the mortgage at the expense of microfinance companies with a loan from microfinance organizations.
- Transfer of MK to the funded part of future pension payments– in 2017, this direction is not in demand, since the funded part is frozen for an indefinite period.
Previously, authorities sought to expand the list of uses of MK. For example, the following options were considered:
- purchasing a car;
- purchasing medicines for children with serious illnesses;
- agricultural development;
- purchasing household items (furniture, appliances);
- trip to a sanatorium;
- buying a wheelchair for a child.
But in 2017, not a single one of the listed items was added to the maternity capital program.
MK funds do not have to be spent on only one of the listed areas; several can be combined.
When can capital funds be used?
In 2017, MK is allowed to be used, when the child turns 3 years old.
But in some situations, MK can be spent at an earlier date, for example:
- Paying off a loan or mortgage, which was received for the purchase of real estate, as well as making an initial (mortgage) payment. It is important to take into account one condition - the loan must be intended for the purchase of real estate.
- Construction own residential property.
- Purchasing goods and services that are necessary for the social adaptation of a disabled child.
How to get MK for up to 3 years when buying real estate? Let's figure it out right now:
A woman signs an agreement with the selected bank for the purchase (or construction) of real estate.
The client buys the selected object.
After registering the transaction, the woman applies to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation with an application to transfer the MK to the bank.
If a positive decision is made, the funds are transferred to the credit account within 2 months.
When the family did not use MK before the child’s 18th birthday, then the rights to use MK funds are transferred to an adult.
Also, MK is transferred to the child if the parents die (or are deprived of parental rights). Only spending MK is allowed after 18 years.
Maternity capital and repairs
According to the law, parents do not have the right to use MK for home repairs.
But MK funds can be used for the construction or reconstruction of their own property.
But it is important to understand the difference between reconstruction and repair work. Reconstruction implies an increase in living space. Each resident must have at least 18 square meters. If the area is higher than the established indicators, then MK is not applied.
In some regions, the norm for square meters varies between 12 - 18.
In addition, reconstruction differs from repair work in the following respects:
- reconstruction involves changing the layout of the entire building, including size, area, number of rooms, moving walls;
- As a result of reconstruction, the purpose of the premises may change, for example, a store becomes a residential property.
Reconstruction is allowed only in residential buildings (prohibited in apartments).
Means MK for reconstruction can only be used when the child reaches 3 years of age. If the family has its own capital, then changes to the living space are allowed to be made at its own expense, and when the child reaches the appropriate age, the family receives compensation from the MK. At the same time, it is important to document that the house was reconstructed.
Consequently, the family is prohibited from carrying out repair work under the guise of housing reconstruction.
Use of capital when buying a car
Funds for maternal certificate cannot be spent on buying a car. But when introducing this program, legislators proposed introducing this item into one of the ways of spending MK. As a result, the authorities were divided into two camps, offering both positive and negative factors.
First, let's discuss the reasons why rejected similar idea:
- Quick resale of vehicles to obtain cash.
- Possible car theft.
- Rapid wear and tear of vehicles (especially Russian-assembled vehicles).
- A car is not a mandatory purchase for a family with two or more children.
Now let's select positive characteristics when buying a car using MK funds:
- the problem with the movement of families and children in urban areas is being solved;
- accessibility of rural residents to schools, hospitals and other institutions;
- using a vehicle as a way to earn extra money (taxi);
- MK consumption without adding own funds.
Construction of a household
MK can be used to build a house. In this case, home ownership must meet the following criteria:
- Suitability for habitation.
- The land belongs to the category of individual housing construction (residential development).
- The site is either personally owned or leased by the owner of the MK. However, MK cannot be used to acquire land.
- The facility must be built only on Russian territory.
- The citizen has a building permit.
- The house was built after January 1, 2007.
It is allowed to build a house either individually or with the help of a construction organization.
When construction is carried out on its own, then payments to MK are made at the beginning of the construction process in the amount of 50%. The second part of the MK is transferred 6 months after the provision of documents confirming construction work. It is important to keep all receipts and other payment documents.
When construction companies are involved in the work, then MK funds are provided after concluding an agreement with the relevant company. This document is provided to the Pension Fund when submitting an application.
MK can be spent on shared construction.
To obtain MK for construction a citizen must visit the Pension Fund with the following list of documentation:
- bid;
- documentation of the right to own (or use) land;
- building permit;
- bank details;
- obligation to divide the shares of the house between the whole family (notarized).
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To translate the second part MK needs:
- documentation confirming the fact of the work performed;
- bank account;
- parents' passports;
- marriage certificate (or divorce certificate).
After completion of construction work homeownership is registered as common shared ownership among family members(parents and children). Otherwise, the rights to dispose of home ownership do not differ from generally established rules.
Using MK for a mortgage
Each family, upon receipt of the MK, has the right to contribute funds to partially repay the mortgage. At the same time, spending MK on this area is allowed at any age of the child.
Consequently, after receiving the MC, the certificate holder has the right to contact a banking structure to conclude a loan agreement. But first you should calculate the amount of your salary, part of which will be spent monthly on repaying the mortgage loan. In addition, bank employees take into account the applicant’s length of service, which should not be less than 6 months. And, of course, the applicant’s credit history is analyzed.
The acquired real estate must be properly registered. However, most banks require that all documentation be up to date, in particular the cadastral and technical passport.
According to the law, real estate can be purchased from close relatives (father, mother, brother, grandfather, uncle), with the exception of purchase and sale from one of the spouses.
MK funds can be made as a down payment for the purchased property.
To obtain a mortgage loan, the certificate holder must first contact the bank, where employees make a preliminary calculation of the mortgage based on the price of a specific property. The monthly income of both spouses is also taken into account.
In this case, the client provides a number of documents that differ in different banking areas. But the basic ones are:
- parents' passports;
- children's birth certificates;
- documents on the housing that you plan to purchase (certificate of ownership, cadastral passport, technical passport, house register);
- passports of the owners of the purchased housing;
- expert assessment of real estate.
Step 2– obtaining credit funds and purchasing the selected object. The property will remain under the bank's encumbrance until the mortgage is fully paid off.
Step 3– after receiving the document on the ownership of the object, the client contacts the Pension Fund. The citizen must submit an application and other documents, such as:
- passport;
- statement;
- maternal certificate;
- bank agreement;
- certificate of the amount of total debt;
- ownership documents;
- if available, from the borrower (usually a spouse) – a passport; a document confirming the fact of relationship with the applicant.
The period for reviewing documents in the fund is 1 month. Once the decision is made, written notification is sent to the applicant. If the outcome is positive, the citizen contacts the bank where the loan was issued with the notification received. After transferring MK to the bank, the debt amount is recalculated (if there is a balance).
Loan repayment
MK can be used to repay a targeted loan that was associated with the acquisition of real estate. In other cases, MK is not used.
If one of these conditions is missing, the MC does not apply.
To repay the loan, the loan agreement must indicate that the funds were spent on the purchase or construction of residential real estate. Secondly, the borrower must be the owner of the MK.
The Maternity, Family Capital program is already 10 years old. On this topic, watch the video:
We can admit that the program for issuing MKs worked 100%. After all, not only has the number of Russians increased in the Russian Federation, but many young families have been able to purchase their own housing. Read more about how you can spend MK in this article.
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